Why should small children ride in the backseat of a vehicle?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Small children should ride in the backseat of a vehicle primarily to avoid severe injury or death that may occur if the airbag deploys. In the event of a crash, the force of an airbag deployment can be dangerous for a child seated in the front seat. Placing them in the backseat reduces the risk of serious harm from airbag impact and is a safer seating position for young passengers.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Systolic blood pressure is the least reliable parameter when assessing perfusion status in a 2-year-old child. In young children, blood pressure measurements can be variable, affected by factors like anxiety or crying. Capillary refill time, presence of peripheral pulses, and skin color and temperature are more reliable indicators of perfusion status in this age group.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Inattention to the EMT's presence is a sign of altered mental status in a small child. When a child is not responsive or does not acknowledge the presence of the EMT, it could indicate a change in their mental status. This lack of attention or awareness may signify a neurological issue or other medical condition affecting the child's cognitive function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Placing sterile dressings into the vagina is not an appropriate treatment for severe vaginal bleeding. The correct approach involves applying pressure to the external vaginal area to control bleeding, covering the vagina with a trauma dressing to help with compression, administering high concentrations of oxygen to support oxygenation, and keeping the patient warm with blankets to prevent hypothermia. Placing sterile dressings into the vagina can introduce foreign material, increase the risk of infection, and obstruct proper wound management, making it an incorrect treatment option in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of pediatrics nursing, understanding the appropriate positioning for a mother in labor with a prolapsed umbilical cord is crucial for ensuring the well-being of both the mother and the baby. The correct answer, option B) Supine with hips elevated, is the most appropriate position in this scenario because it helps alleviate pressure on the umbilical cord, thus improving blood flow to the baby. Option A) Supine with legs elevated, is incorrect because elevating the legs can further compress the vena cava, reducing blood flow to the placenta and potentially compromising fetal oxygenation. Option C) Left lateral recumbent position is also not ideal as it may not effectively relieve pressure on the umbilical cord. Option D) Left side with legs elevated is not the best choice as elevating the legs can still impede blood flow. Educationally, it is important for pediatric nurses to understand the rationale behind positioning in cases of umbilical cord prolapse to provide safe and effective care. By choosing the correct position, nurses can help optimize fetal well-being and outcomes during labor and delivery. This knowledge is essential for providing evidence-based, patient-centered care in pediatric nursing practice.