ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Why is regular monitoring of urea levels essential for assessing kidney function?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urea, a waste product from protein breakdown, is filtered and excreted by the kidneys. Regular monitoring (e.g., blood urea nitrogen, BUN) evaluates kidney health (D), as impaired function raises levels (e.g., renal failure). Liver disorders (A) affect urea production, metabolic health (B) is vague, and deficiencies (C) aren't a concern, making D correct.
Question 2 of 5
A patient takes a drug overdose and becomes comatose. His blood pCOâ‚‚ was 40 mmHg ten minutes ago, but you discover it is now 80 mmHg. Which one of the following statements about this patient is correct.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rising pCOâ‚‚ (80 mmHg) from hypoventilation lowers blood pH (acidosis) rapidly. CSF pH falls faster as COâ‚‚ diffuses quickly across the blood-brain barrier, outpacing blood buffering (e.g., HCO₃â»). Blood pH lags due to systemic buffers, making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
The process of micturition or urination:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Micturition is a sacral reflex (S2-S4) (C), contracting the detrusor (not relaxing, A) and relaxing sphincters. The external sphincter relaxes, not contracts (B), during voiding, making C the correct process description.
Question 4 of 5
What would happen to the GFR if the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid in the capsular space increased?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased capsular hydrostatic pressure (B) opposes glomerular filtration pressure, reducing GFR. Increase (A) contradicts this resistance, and no change (C) ignores the balance, making B correct.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a unit of the nephron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The medullary papilla (D) is a renal pyramid