Why is a primigravida instructed to offer her breast to the baby for the first time within 30 minutes after delivery?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Primigravida refers to a woman pregnant for the first time. 2. Colostrum is the first milk produced after childbirth, rich in antibodies and nutrients. 3. Offering the breast within 30 minutes ensures the baby receives this vital colostrum. 4. Colostrum provides immune protection and establishes the baby's gut microbiome. 5. Options A and B relate to mature milk production, not colostrum. 6. Option D focuses on practice, not the immediate benefits of colostrum.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: To calculate the crude death rate, divide the total number of deaths by the total population and then multiply by 1000. In this case, 94 deaths out of 18,000 population is (94/18000)*1000 = 5.2/1000. This is the correct answer (B). Choice A (4.1/1000) is incorrect as it underestimates the death rate. Choice C (6.3/1000) and D (7.3/1000) are both overestimations of the death rate based on the given data.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Number of registered live births. The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of live births in a specific period by the total number of women of reproductive age during that period. This numerator reflects the actual occurrence of live births in the population, making it the most appropriate measure for determining fertility rates accurately. A: Estimated midyear population is not used as the numerator because it does not directly measure fertility rates. C: Number of pregnancies in the year includes all pregnancies, not just live births, which would overestimate the fertility rate. D: Number of females of reproductive age is not used as the numerator as it represents the total population, not the specific group giving birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because if the mother does not feel nipple pain, it indicates that the baby has latched on properly. Nipple pain is a common sign of improper latch, which can lead to discomfort and ineffective breastfeeding. The other choices are incorrect: A indicates ineffective sucking, C suggests a shallow latch, and D signifies a shallow latch that only involves the nipple, not the areola, leading to potential issues with milk transfer and nipple pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct interval between tetanus toxoid doses for pregnant women is 4 weeks. This short interval ensures optimal immunity for both the mother and the baby against tetanus. Giving the dose every 4 weeks during pregnancy helps maintain the protective levels of antibodies. Waiting longer intervals could decrease the effectiveness of the vaccine and leave the mother and baby vulnerable to tetanus infection. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because longer intervals between doses may not provide adequate protection and could compromise immunity levels during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: PD 651. This law is the Civil Registry Law, which mandates the registration of births within 30 days. PD 651 was enacted specifically to ensure the timely and accurate recording of vital events. Act 3573 pertains to the reporting of communicable diseases, not birth registration. RA 3753 focuses on the use of an alias or pseudonym, not birth registration. RA 3375 involves the registration of firearms, not births. Overall, PD 651 is the most relevant law in requiring the registration of births within 30 days, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Iron supplementation is given to pregnant women to prevent anemia. During pregnancy, iron requirements increase to support the growing fetus and maternal blood volume expansion. Anemia in pregnancy can lead to complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and maternal fatigue. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the tissues. Therefore, ensuring adequate iron levels helps prevent anemia and supports the health of both the mother and the baby. Summary: - A: Correct. Prevents anemia by supporting hemoglobin production. - B: Incorrect. Fetal growth is influenced by various factors, not just iron. - C: Incorrect. Premature labor is not directly prevented by iron supplementation. - D: Incorrect. Postpartum hemorrhage is more related to factors like uterine atony, not iron levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vastus lateralis muscle. The vastus lateralis is a recommended site for administration of DPT vaccine in infants and young children. It is a large muscle located in the thigh, providing a well-developed area for injection with minimal risk of hitting nerves or blood vessels. The site is easily accessible, especially for parents or caregivers administering the vaccine. Choice A (Deltoid muscle) is more commonly used in adults, not preferred for infants. Choices C (Gluteus maximus muscle) and D (Abdomen) are not recommended sites for DPT vaccine administration due to potential risk of hitting sciatic nerve in the gluteal region and abdominal organs in the abdomen, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: De facto. This method assigns individuals to a specific location based on where they are physically located during the census. "De facto" means "in fact" or "in reality." This ensures accurate representation of the population in a specific area at the time of the census. A: De jure refers to assignment based on legal residence, not necessarily physical location. B: De locus is not a standard term in census methodology. D: De novo means "from the beginning" and is not relevant to population assignment in a census.