ATI LPN
HESI LPN Fundamentals Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health promotion and illness prevention are nursing cornerstones because chronic illnesses like heart disease or diabetes are the world's leading health problems, per WHO, driving morbidity and mortality. Nurses tackle this by fostering wellness e.g., teaching diet to prevent hypertension reducing chronicity's burden. Cost, pain, and aversion to sickness matter, but their root lies in chronic prevalence, making prevention paramount. Nurses' proactive role immunizations, lifestyle counseling curbs these conditions' onset or progression, even in diagnosed clients, enhancing life quality. This responsibility reflects nursing's global impact, addressing a pervasive challenge with education and advocacy, not just reaction, aligning with public health goals to shift focus from cure to prevention.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse provides teaching to the parents of an adolescent client with generalized anxiety disorder. Which statements by the nurse are included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) teaching includes D: brain chemistry contributes via neurotransmitter imbalances (e.g., serotonin). A is false; GAD is common. B and C are true but not the single focus. Rationale: Neurochemical factors are a core GAD cause, per DSM-5, guiding treatment like SSRIs, making D essential for parental understanding.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assisting in caring for a postoperative client who had a pneumonectomy. The nurse monitors the client for which adverse signs and symptoms indicating acute pulmonary edema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-pneumonectomy, frothy sputum (A) signals acute pulmonary edema, a fluid overload complication. Pain (B) is surgical. Chest tube drainage (C) isn't present post-pneumonectomy. Rate of 20 (D) is normal. A is correct. Rationale: Frothy sputum reflects alveolar fluid, requiring urgent intervention, per post-surgical monitoring standards.
Question 4 of 5
After an automobile collision, a client who sustained multiple injuries is oriented to person and place but is confused to time. The client complains of a headache and drowsiness, but assessment reveals that the pupils are equal and reactive. Which nursing action takes priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-collision with confusion, headache, and drowsiness, monitoring for increased ICP (D) is the priority to detect deterioration. Minimal movement (A) is secondary. Mannitol (B) requires orders. Stimulation (C) may not help. D is correct. Rationale: ICP monitoring identifies progression like hematoma, guiding urgent intervention, per trauma care priorities.
Question 5 of 5
A client who was in a motorbike accident has a severe neck injury. Which priority nursing care is most needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe neck injury from a motorbike accident prioritizes maintaining a patent airway (C), as trauma may obstruct breathing. Crepitus (A), bleeding (B), and neuro checks (D) follow. C is correct. Rationale: Airway patency is the first ABC step in trauma, preventing hypoxia, per emergency care protocols, critical in neck injuries with potential swelling or fracture.