ATI LPN
Urinary System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
While the kidneys process about 180 L of blood-derived fluids per day, the amount that actually leaves the body is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kidneys filter 180 L/day, but ~99% is reabsorbed, leaving ~1-2 L (1%, 1.8 L) (D) as urine. 90 L (A), 180 L (B), and 18 L (C) overestimate output, making D the accurate amount.
Question 2 of 5
Two days after surgery for an ileal conduit, the patient will not look at the stoma or participate in care. The patient insists that no one but the ostomy nurse specialist care for the stoma. The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Avoidance of stoma care (B) suggests disturbed body image from the altered function. Anxiety (A) lacks lifestyle focus evidence, readiness (C) isn't indicated, and denial (D) is absent (patient acknowledges change), making B the diagnosis.
Question 3 of 5
Which medication taken by a patient with decreased renal function will be of most concern to the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications (NSAIDs) are nephrotoxic and should be avoided in patients with impaired renal function. The nurse should also ask about reasons the patient is taking the other medications, but the medication of most concern is the ibuprofen.
Question 4 of 5
What value represents a normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal GFR is 100-125 mL/min (C), reflecting the kidneys' filtrate formation rate. Lower ranges (A, B) suggest impairment, and 150-200 mL/min (D) exceeds typical values, making C the standard healthy range.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing data for a patient with acute kidney injury. Which of the following diagnostic test results would the nurse recognize as being indicative of kidney injury?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Serum creatinine 4.2 mg/dL (B) far exceeds 1.5 mg/dL, indicating kidney injury. BUN 40 (A), fixed SG 1.010 (E), and output 100 mL/24h (F) also suggest AKI, but creatinine is most specific; uric acid (C) and hematocrit (D) are less direct, making B key.