While explaining an illness to a 10 year-old, what should the nurse keep in mind about the cognitive development at this age?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: At 10, children in concrete operational stage can logically organize facts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Providing regular pain assessment and management is key to promoting comfort in post-operative patients, as pain is a common barrier to recovery. Effective pain control improves mobility, sleep, and overall well-being, enabling faster healing. A very cold room might cause discomfort or shivering, countering recovery efforts. Limiting pain medication delays progress, as uncontrolled pain hinders ambulation and increases stress. Elevating the head of the bed helps with breathing or aspiration prevention but isn't the primary comfort measure pain management addresses a broader need. Regular assessments ensure interventions are timely and tailored, reflecting nursing's commitment to patient-centered care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An overhead trapeze bar facilitates self-movement for bedridden patients by allowing them to lift or shift their position using upper body strength, reducing dependence on staff and preventing complications like pressure ulcers or muscle atrophy. Aesthetic enhancement is irrelevant it's a functional tool, not decor. Social interaction isn't its purpose, though it might indirectly boost morale. Keeping the room organized doesn't apply; it's about patient mobility. Nurses encourage its use to promote autonomy and physical activity, enhancing recovery and comfort within the constraints of bed rest.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Supporting the abdomen with a folded towel or hands helps a bedridden patient cough effectively by stabilizing surgical sites or weak muscles, reducing pain, and boosting force to clear airways. This is vital for preventing pneumonia in immobile patients. A pillow to hug might comfort but doesn't aid cough mechanics. Discouraging coughing risks mucus buildup, worsening respiratory health. Ice water might soothe but doesn't enhance coughing. Nurses use this support to facilitate airway clearance, combining physical assistance with encouragement for optimal respiratory function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Offering thin liquids facilitates swallowing for dysphagia patients by reducing the effort needed to move fluid through the throat, though thickness may vary per assessment (e.g., thickened liquids for some). Large portions overwhelm, increasing choking risk. Variety stimulates taste but doesn't address swallowing mechanics. Rapid eating heightens aspiration danger, fatiguing the patient further. Nurses tailor fluid consistency and pace to the patient's swallow ability, often collaborating with speech therapists, ensuring safe nutrition and hydration critical for this condition.