While a patient with ascites is receiving albumin, the planned therapeutic effect will be greater if the nurse regulates the infusion to flow

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Albumin treats ascites by raising oncotic pressure, pulling fluid from tissues into vessels. Slow infusion prevents overload, and fluid restriction avoids diluting the effect, maximizing fluid shift from the abdomen. Rapid infusion risks pulmonary edema, and liberal fluids counteract albumin's purpose. Nurses monitor volume status, optimizing therapy to relieve ascites without cardiovascular strain.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Contemporary nursing demands autonomy and accountability nurses independently make decisions within their scope and take responsibility for outcomes, reflecting roles like educator, advocate, and clinician. This aligns with evolving healthcare, where nurses lead initiatives (e.g., patient education) and answer for care quality. Health promotion and illness prevention are key foci but specific tasks, not broad role examples. Providing bedside care is traditional, not fully capturing modern diversity (e.g., research, management). Following physician orders reflects dependence, not the autonomy defining today's practice. Autonomy and accountability encompass the knowledge (clinical expertise), skills (critical thinking), and attitudes (responsibility) needed for multifaceted roles, making this the best fit for contemporary nursing's scope.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An interview is an organized conversation with the client, systematically collecting subjective data e.g., symptoms, history via structured questions. This kickstarts the database, informing objective checks (e.g., vitals). Implementing physician orders is action, not data-gathering post-assessment. Delegation assigns tasks, not interviews, which nurses conduct directly. Determining nursing actions follows data collection, in planning, not the initial step. The interview's conversational structure e.g., asking about chest pain onset ensures comprehensive, client-centered data, making it the foundational method for establishing an accurate nursing database.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A trapeze bar, attached overhead, assists patients in changing position (e.g., lifting to sit), enhancing mobility and reducing nurse strain e.g., for a post-op client. Sand bags immobilize (e.g., a fractured leg), not aiding movement. Bed cradle (likely 'crackle' typo) lifts sheets off limbs, preventing pressure, not repositioning. Removable headboards aid CPR access, unrelated to patient movement. The trapeze bar's function position change support matches its clinical use, per nursing equipment standards, making it the best match in this adapted format.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: One teaspoon (5 ml) equals approximately 60 drops (gtts), based on standard drop size.