ATI LPN
Hematologic System Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which usually rare cancer is associated with HIV?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This rare cancer is associated with HIV due to its link with weakened immune systems. HIV compromises the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to developing Kaposi's sarcoma. Astrocytoma, mesothelioma, and penile cancer are not commonly associated with HIV. Kaposi's sarcoma is characterized by skin lesions and can also affect internal organs, making it a distinctive cancer seen in HIV-positive individuals.
Question 2 of 5
A child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy has the following lab results: WBC 9,000, Hemoglobin 12, and Platelets 20,000. When planning this child’s care, which risk should the nurse consider most significant?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Hemorrhage Rationale: 1. Platelets are critically low at 20,000, putting the child at high risk for bleeding. 2. Hemorrhage is a major concern due to impaired clotting ability. 3. Anemia (low hemoglobin) can contribute to bleeding but is not the primary concern. 4. Infection risk is elevated but not as immediate as the risk of hemorrhage with such low platelets.
Question 3 of 5
You are the nurse in charge on a pediatric unit. A child with sickle cell disease, in splenic sequestration crisis, is being admitted. You should assign this child to a
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Private room Rationale: 1. In splenic sequestration crisis, there is a risk of sudden severe anemia and hypovolemic shock. 2. Isolation is not necessary as it's not a contagious condition. 3. A private room allows close monitoring, privacy, and individualized care. 4. A semiprivate room (A) may lead to exposure to infections. 5. Reverse-isolation (B) is for immunocompromised patients. 6. Contact-isolation (C) is for contagious diseases, not applicable here.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has identified Ineffective Tissue Perfusion as a nursing diagnosis for a client with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). What intervention would be appropriate for the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitoring oxygen saturation. In DIC, there is impaired blood flow leading to inadequate perfusion of tissues. Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial to assess tissue perfusion and ensure adequate oxygen delivery. This intervention directly addresses the underlying problem of ineffective tissue perfusion by evaluating the effectiveness of oxygenation. Repositioning the client every 2 hours (choice A) may help prevent pressure ulcers but does not directly address tissue perfusion. Administering oxygen (choice B) and encouraging deep breathing and coughing (choice D) may be beneficial but do not specifically target monitoring the client's oxygen saturation to evaluate tissue perfusion.
Question 5 of 5
A child diagnosed with cancer is prescribed chemotherapy. The latest lab value indicates the white-blood-cell count is very low. Which medication order does the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Filgrastim (Neupogen). The child's low white-blood-cell count due to chemotherapy increases the risk of infection. Filgrastim is a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor that stimulates the production of white blood cells, reducing the risk of infection. Ondansetron (B) is an antiemetic for nausea/vomiting, not related to low WBC count. Oprelvekin (C) is an interleukin-11 used for thrombocytopenia, not for low WBC count. Epoetin alfa (D) is used for anemia, not low WBC count.