Which tool should the nurse use to monitor pain in a toddler-aged patient?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The FLACC scale is designed for nonverbal children like toddlers, assessing behavior (e.g., face, legs, activity). FACES and Oucher require comprehension, and numeric is for older children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Signs of epiglottitis (croaking sound, drooling, upright posture) require immediate physician notification and tracheostomy prep (C) due to airway emergency risk. Examining the pharynx (A) risks obstruction, mist tents (B) are ineffective here, and lying down (D) worsens breathing. Document: 'Epiglottitis is always a medical emergency requiring… immediate medical evaluation.'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Currant jelly stools (A) indicate intussusception due to blood and mucus from intestinal telescoping. Black tarry (B) suggests upper GI bleed, green (C) is nonspecific, and greasy (D) indicates malabsorption. Document: 'Bowel movements of blood and mucus… [are] “currant jelly” stools.'

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Plumbism (C) is lead poisoning, from Latin 'plumbum' (lead). Other options are unrelated conditions. Document: 'Plumbism is also known as lead poisoning.'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Lavender (A) relieves chronic pain via relaxation. Ephedra (B), ginseng (C), and kava-kava (D) are stimulants or anxiolytics, not pain-specific. Document: 'Lavender… [is] useful in aromatherapy for children with chronic pain.'