ATI LPN
Neurological Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which structure secretes the intraocular fluid of the eye?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ciliary processes secrete aqueous humor at 2-3 µl/min. TMP13 p. 645
Question 2 of 5
A patient will attempt oral feedings for the first time after having a stroke. The nurse should assess the gag reflex and then
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient should be as upright as possible before attempting feeding to make swallowing easier and decrease aspiration risk. To assess swallowing ability, the nurse should initially offer water or ice to the patient. Pureed diets are not recommended because the texture is too smooth. The patient may have a poor appetite, but the oral feeding should be attempted.
Question 3 of 5
What are the manifestations of a ruptured cerebral aneurysm?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A ruptured cerebral aneurysm typically presents with a sudden, severe headache ('thunderclap headache') due to subarachnoid hemorrhage. Loss of consciousness is common, not maintained, and deficits are not transient or gradual.
Question 4 of 5
A 44-year-old female presents with weakness. Her weakness becomes apparent when she picks up her youngest daughter, or when placing her nonperishable foods in the top shelf of her kitchen. She also reports difficulty when getting up from a chair. These symptoms began a few months ago, and have since worsened. On physical exam, there is an erythematous eruption on her eyelids, and erythematous papules on the dorsal aspect of her hands. Neurological examination is significant for symmetric muscle weakness of her shoulders and hips. Which of the following is most likely the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proximal weakness with heliotrope rash (eyelids) and Gottron’s papules (hands) are pathognomonic for dermatomyositis, an inflammatory myopathy with skin involvement. Polymyositis lacks rash, myasthenia gravis is fatiguable, glucocorticoid myopathy lacks rash, and SLE involves joints more than muscles.
Question 5 of 5
A 29-year-old female lawyer presents with sharp, shock-like stabbing pain in her right jaw. She has experienced this pain for the past week, and occur approximately 15 times a day, with each episode lasting a few seconds. She notices that at times brushing her teeth, or smiling can trigger her pain. She has tried acetaminophen and ibuprofen, but these have not provided any relief. She has not experienced these symptoms before, but recalls a period of transient right arm weakness lasting a few days approximately 8 months ago, that she assumed was related to a 'pinched nerve.' She reports to experience stress due to an upcoming case that can benefit her career. On physical exam, touching the right maxillary region reproduces the pain. There are no focal neurological deficits. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brief, shock-like jaw pain triggered by touch suggests trigeminal neuralgia. Carbamazepine is the first-line treatment, stabilizing nerve membranes. Sumatriptan is for migraines, oxycodone is inappropriate, and gabapentin is second-line.