ATI LPN
Neurological Assessment Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement regarding the transmission of auditory information from the ear to the cerebral cortex is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most cochlear nuclei neurons synapse contralaterally in the superior olivary nucleus. TMP13 p. 679
Question 2 of 5
Which brain stem structure plays a major role in determining the direction from which a sound originates?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The superior olivary nucleus detects sound direction via intensity and time differences. TMP13 pp. 681-682
Question 3 of 5
When caring for a patient with a new right-sided homonymous hemianopsia resulting from a stroke, which intervention should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During the acute period, the nurse should place objects on the patient's unaffected side. Because there is a visual defect in the right half of each eye, an eye patch is not appropriate. The patient should be approached from the left side. The visual deficit may not resolve, although the patient can learn to compensate for the defect.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a sign of increased intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) often manifests as irritability, along with headache, vomiting, and altered consciousness. Hypotension (likely a typo for hypertension) is a late sign with bradycardia (Cushing’s triad), not tachycardia. Tinnitus is unrelated to ICP.
Question 5 of 5
A 30-year-old female presents with muscle weakness in the lower extremities and palpitations. Her symptoms have been progressively worse over the course of a 2 weeks. She reports to be in great health, but had a period of abdominal pain and diarrhea approximately 5 weeks ago. Her temperature is 98.9 deg F (37.2 deg C), blood pressure 117/82 mmHg, pulse is 102/min, and respirations are 16/min. On physical exam, there is 4-/5 muscle strength throughout the lower extremities. Bilateral patellar reflexes are 1+ and ankle reflexes are absent. Lumbar puncture was performed, and results are pending. Part 1: What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Progressive weakness post-GI illness, reduced reflexes, and palpitations (possibly autonomic involvement) suggest Guillain-Barre syndrome, an acute demyelinating neuropathy. Polymyositis involves proximal weakness without reflex loss, hypokalemia causes generalized weakness with normal reflexes, and myasthenia gravis is fatiguable.