ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement is true about the incidence of heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heart failure is the fastest growing cardiac disorder at this time. The incidence and hospitalization rates associated with heart failure are reflective of the aging population in the United States. The incidence of heart failure is 10 per 1000 population in people over 65. Heart failure affects about 5.7 million Americans. More than 550,000 new cases of heart failure are diagnosed in the United States each year.
Question 2 of 5
Which assessment finding for a patient receiving IV furosemide(Lasix) to treat stage 2 hypertension is most important to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypokalemia is a frequent adverse effect of the loop diuretics and can cause life-threatening dysrhythmias. The health care provider should be notified of the potassium level immediately and administration of potassium supplements initiated. The elevated blood glucose and BP also need collaborative intervention but will not require action as urgently as the hypokalemia. An orthostatic drop of 12 mm Hg will require intervention only if the patient is symptomatic.
Question 3 of 5
A 56-year-old patient who has no previous history of hypertension or other health problems suddenly develops a blood pressure(BP) of 198/110 mm Hg. After reconfirming the BP, it is appropriate for the nurse to tell the patient that
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A sudden increase in BP in a patient over age 50 with no previous hypertension history or risk factors indicates that the hypertension may be secondary to some other problem. The BP will need treatment and ongoing monitoring. If the patient has no other risk factors, a stroke in the immediate future is unlikely. There is no indication that dietary salt or fat intake have contributed to this sudden increase in BP, and reducing intake of salt and fat alone will not be adequate to reduce this BP to an acceptable level.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been prescribed antihypertensives. After assessment and analysis, the nurse has identified a nursing diagnosis of risk for ineffective health maintenance related to nonadherence to therapeutic regimen. When planning this patient's care, what desired outcome should the nurse identify?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate expected outcome for a patient who is given the nursing diagnosis of risk for ineffective health maintenance is that he or she takes the medication as prescribed. The other listed goals are valid aspects of care, but none directly relates to the patient's role in his or her treatment regimen.
Question 5 of 5
A community health nurse teaching a group of adults about preventing and treating hypertension. The nurse should encourage these participants to collaborate with their primary care providers and regularly monitor which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertension often accompanies other risk factors for atherosclerotic heart disease, such as dyslipidemia (abnormal blood fat levels), obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and a sedentary lifestyle. Individuals with hypertension need to monitor their sodium intake, but hypernatremia is not a risk factor for hypertension. In many patients, heart rate does not correlate closely with BP. Potassium levels do not normally relate to BP.