ATI LPN
Questions About the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Antibodies are opsonins. Antibodies are proteins produced by B-cells that can bind to antigens, marking them for destruction by phagocytic cells. Opsonins enhance phagocytosis by promoting the binding of pathogens to phagocytes. This statement is correct because antibodies can act as opsonins. B: B-cells can't recognize naive antigen - Incorrect. B-cells can recognize and respond to naive antigens through their B-cell receptors. C: T-cells recognize naive antigen - Incorrect. T-cells also recognize and respond to naive antigens through their T-cell receptors. D: T-helper cells not important for cytokines - Incorrect. T-helper cells play a crucial role in orchestrating the immune response by producing cytokines that regulate immune cell activities.
Question 2 of 5
A clinic nurse is caring for a client admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The nurse has assessed that the client is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of which complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy. This condition, also known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), is a common neurological complication of AIDS. It is caused by direct infection of the central nervous system by the HIV virus, leading to cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments. Other choices are incorrect because B-cell lymphoma typically presents with lymphadenopathy, Kaposi sarcoma with skin lesions, and wasting syndrome with severe weight loss and muscle wasting.
Question 3 of 5
An 18-year-old client who is pregnant has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and asks the nurse if her baby is going to be born with HIV. Which response by the nurse is the best?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because HIV can be transmitted from mother to baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. By stating that the baby could contract HIV before, during, or after delivery, the nurse is providing accurate information about the potential transmission routes. This response also emphasizes the importance of interventions such as antiretroviral therapy and preventive measures to reduce the risk of transmission. Choice A is incorrect because it provides a specific statistic that may not apply to this individual case. Choice B is incorrect as it deflects the responsibility of providing information from the nurse to the healthcare provider. Choice C is incorrect because it downplays the significance of early interventions in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
Question 4 of 5
A client who has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has been admitted for the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse associate with this complication of AIDS?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Impaired skin integrity related to Kaposi sarcoma. Kaposi sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It can cause skin lesions that may lead to impaired skin integrity. The nurse should prioritize this nursing diagnosis to prevent infection and promote healing. Choice A is incorrect as disuse syndrome is not directly related to Kaposi sarcoma. Choice C is incorrect as diarrhea is not a common manifestation of Kaposi sarcoma. Choice D is incorrect as impaired swallowing is not typically associated with Kaposi sarcoma.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to teach a client with microcytic hypochromic anemia about the diet to follow after discharge. Which of the following foods should be included in the diet?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Eggs are high in iron, essential for treating microcytic hypochromic anemia. 2. Iron is crucial for red blood cell production to improve anemia. 3. Eggs also provide protein and other nutrients needed for overall health. Summary: B, C, D are incorrect as they do not provide significant iron content required for treating microcytic hypochromic anemia. Lettuce, citrus fruits, and cheese may have other health benefits but are not specifically helpful for this type of anemia.