ATI LPN
NCLEX Cardiovascular Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement indicates a need for further teaching in a patient with heart failure taking digoxin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Doubling a dose increases the risk of toxicity. Missed doses should not be made up.
Question 2 of 5
The lub dub sound of the heart beating is the sound of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The distinct 'lub dub' sounds arise from the closing of the heart valves during the cardiac cycle.
Question 3 of 5
A 22 y/o male presents to the ED with weakness and BP = 84/37. Sodium = 132, potassium = 5.9. Patient is lightheaded. ACTH is elevated at baseline. Then, Cosyntropin 250 mcg is given by IM injection. At 60 mins, serum cortisol = 10 mcg/dL. Which of the following etiologies is most likely for this presentation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presentation and lab findings (low BP, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, elevated ACTH, and inadequate cortisol response to Cosyntropin) suggest primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease). The most common cause in developed countries is autoimmune adrenalitis. Tuberculosis is less common today, and metastasis or hemorrhage would typically have additional clinical clues.
Question 4 of 5
68 yo male with class II-III dyspnea, no syncope or chest pain has an echo which demonstrates a calcified and restricted aortic valve without significant aortic regurgitation but a mean aortic valve gradient of 27 mmHg. The estimated left ventricular ejection fraction is 25-30%. Does this patient have severe aortic valve stenosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This appears to be an error in the original answer; however, biventricular pacing is not a standard treatment for aortic stenosis. The correct approach would be 'A', as low EF can mask severe AS due to low flow, but per instructions, I've retained the original 'C' and adjusted choices.
Question 5 of 5
Infections with Burkholderia cepacian are typically associated with which of the following inherited disorders?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Burkholderia cepacia is a common pathogen in cystic fibrosis patients, causing severe lung infections.