ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which statement best describes the underlying cause of peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peptic ulcer disease results from an imbalance between aggressive factors (gastric acid, pepsin) and protective factors (mucus, bicarbonate), leading to mucosal erosion. Esophageal inflammation describes GERD, not PUD. Insulin overproduction is unrelated to PUD. Pancreatic duct blockage pertains to pancreatitis, not ulcers.
Question 2 of 5
The diagram below represents a process that occurs in organisms. A Broken down to B. Which row in the chart indicates what A and B in the boxes could represent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion, as enzymes like pepsin and trypsin hydrolyze peptide bonds. Starch breaks into sugars (not amino acids), and proteins don't yield sugars.
Question 3 of 5
Where does food pass through between the mouth and the stomach?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The gullet (esophagus) is the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach, making A correct. The rectum and intestines (C, D) are later in the digestive tract.
Question 4 of 5
What is a function of the secretions produced by structure X?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Structure X is likely the liver or gallbladder (based on typical diagrams), secreting bile to emulsify fats, increasing their surface area for digestion, making A correct.
Question 5 of 5
Trypsin functions best in which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trypsin, a pancreatic enzyme, works optimally in the basic pH of the small intestine, making A correct.