Which statement accurately describes the progression of the beginning nurse to the experienced nurse according to Benner’s model?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Benner's model is based on integration of knowledge, technical skill, and intuition in the development of clinical wisdom, involving continual development rather than a constant or area-specific progression.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The vital signs show an elevated respiratory rate (RR 22, normal 12-20) and heart rate (HR 98, upper normal range), suggesting potential respiratory or cardiac distress post-surgery. A focused respiratory assessment and apical heart rate check are appropriate to investigate these abnormalities thoroughly, as they could indicate complications like atelectasis or tachycardia. The BP difference (12/24 mm Hg) is notable but not immediately alarming unless persistent, and the temperature is normal.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Resting for 20 minutes when a patient is emotional (C) is appropriate to ensure an accurate baseline pulse, not inappropriate. Measuring heart and pulse rates simultaneously for a short pulse (A) or using heart rate for weak pulses (B) are correct. Using the thumb (D) risks confusing the nurse’s pulse with the patient’s and is inappropriate.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Intermittent fever, with spikes followed by normal temperatures, is characteristic of malaria (D) due to periodic parasite release. Influenza (A) and sepsis (C) cause more sustained fevers; typhoid (B) has a stepwise pattern.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Infection prevention protects all—patients, staff, visitors—not just workers (A), surgical cases (C), or communicable diseases (D).