Which statement about kidney anatomy is correct?

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Question 1 of 5

A. The cortex is superficial to the medulla and contains all of the glomeruli. B. The cortex is deep to the medulla and contains the collecting tubules. C. The pyramids are in the cortex and contain the collecting tubules. D. The pyramids are in the medulla and contain all of the glomeruli.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cortex is superficial and houses all glomeruli.

Question 2 of 5

What does the term 'oliguria' refer to?

A. a daily urine production of much more than 2 litres B. a daily urine production of less than $500 \mathrm{ml}$ C. production of less than $50 \mathrm{ml}$ of urine in a day D. the condition of excessive concentration of urea in the blood

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Oliguria is low urine output, 50-500 ml/day.

Question 3 of 5

In the kidney, the filtrate passes through several structures on its way to becoming urine. Which of the following lists presents these structures in the correct order?

A. collecting duct, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle. B. proximal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, glomerulus, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule. C. glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct. D. glomerulus, collecting duct, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Filtrate flows from glomerulus through tubule to collecting duct.

Question 4 of 5

Ureters originated from?

A. Kidneys B. Renal cortex C. Renal pelvis D. Renal medulla

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Ureters begin at the renal pelvis, draining urine.

Question 5 of 5

What's first line for Lower UTI, its mechanism, indication, and dose?

A. Trimethoprim, blocks protein synthesis, 200 mg BD, 7 days B. Nitrofurantoin, inhibits bacterial enzymes, 50 mg QDS, 3 days women/7 days men C. Amoxicillin, cell wall inhibition, 500 mg TDS, 5 days D. Ciprofloxacin, DNA gyrase inhibition, 250 mg BD, 3 days

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nitrofurantoin is first-line, disrupts bacterial DNA/RNA synthesis, dosed as stated.

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Which statement about kidney anatomy is correct?

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Urinary System Test Questions and Answers Questions

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