ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Disease Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which serologic test is the main method for diagnosis of acute infection by hantaviruses?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anti-hantavirus IgM is the primary serologic test for diagnosing acute hantavirus infection because it indicates recent exposure and active infection.
Question 2 of 5
The therapy that most directly improves cardiac contractility in a patient with systolic heart failure is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Digitalis may be used for symptom management of heart failure. Cardiac glycosides directly inhibit the sodium-potassium pump present in the cell membrane of all cells. The intracellular changes allow more calcium to remain in the cell, thus strengthening myocardial contraction. Contractility is not improved through afterload reduction. Beta-blockers inhibit the effects of sympathetic activation and have the potential to reduce cardiac output. Preload reduction is not the therapy of choice in improving cardiac contractility.
Question 3 of 5
Right-sided heart failure is usually a consequence of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Because the right and left ventricles function in tandem, left-ventricular failure eventually increases the workload on the right ventricle. Consequently, the right ventricle may fail causing infarction. Pulmonary disorders create a high afterload on the right ventricle and may cause a progression to right ventricular failure. Tricuspid valve defects are not the cause of right-sided heart failure. Congenital anomalies are not generally associated with right-sided failure.
Question 4 of 5
During your morning assessment of a patient with heart failure, the patient complains of sudden vision changes that include seeing yellowish-green halos around the lights. Which of the following medications do you suspect is causing this issue?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Yellow-green halos are a classic sign of Digoxin toxicity (D).
Question 5 of 5
Which action should the nurse take first to assist a patient with newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertension in making needed dietary changes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The initial nursing action should be assessment of the patient's baseline dietary intake through a thorough diet history. The other actions may be appropriate, but assessment of the patient's baseline should occur first.