Which risk factor should the nurse include in the preoperative plan of care for a patient who smokes?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Surgery to address a forehead scar from a burn is classified as cosmetic because it aims to improve appearance rather than treat an underlying disease or restore function. Major surgery refers to complexity or risk, not purpose, and isn't the focus here. Restorative surgery corrects functional deficits, like joint mobility, not applicable to a scar's aesthetic correction. Curative surgery eliminates disease, irrelevant to a healed burn scar. The rationale lies in cosmetic surgery's definition: it enhances physical appearance, a primary concern for scar revision. This elective procedure aligns with patient-driven aesthetic goals, distinct from therapeutic or functional classifications, and reflects nursing's role in supporting patient confidence and psychosocial well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The true statement is that necessary information about the surgery's nature and reason has been provided , defining informed consent legally and ethically. Length of stay isn't part of consent; surgeon experience isn't required; nurses don't detail procedures that's the surgeon's role. The rationale centers on consent's purpose: patients must understand the procedure, risks, benefits, and alternatives to make autonomous decisions. Nursing ensures this process, often witnessing signatures, but doesn't deliver surgical specifics, distinguishing consent from administrative or experiential disclosures.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During stage 2 (excitement phase) of anesthesia, appropriate interventions include shielding from stimuli, protecting extremities, assisting anesthesia, and staying with the patient . Arrest preparation is stage 3; positioning and prepping occur earlier; traffic control is ongoing. The rationale focuses on stage 2's risks: patients may thrash or react, requiring protection from noise and injury. Nursing minimizes overstimulation, ensures safety, and supports anesthesia, aligning with this transitional phase's needs, distinct from deeper anesthesia or preparatory tasks.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Local anesthesia involves injecting anesthetic into tissues around an incision . Choice A and D describe regional (nerve block); choice B is epidural. The rationale defines scope: local numbs a small area (e.g., lidocaine for suturing), distinct from broader nerve or spinal blocks. Nursing ensures precise application, minimizing systemic effects, enhancing minor procedure safety.