ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which respiratory complication is commonly associated with immobility?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Immobility often causes hypoxia due to shallow breathing and limited lung expansion, reducing oxygen delivery to tissues a frequent issue in sedentary patients. This stems from decreased chest movement, risking conditions like atelectasis. Excessive breathing isn't typical, as immobility slows respiratory effort, not accelerates it. Low or high blood pressure relates more to cardiovascular dynamics than lung function in this context. Nurses address this by encouraging deep breathing or repositioning, countering the oxygen deficit that immobility fosters, ensuring respiratory health remains a priority in care planning.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client receiving oxygen therapy via a Venturi mask. What is an important nursing intervention for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adjusting the oxygen flow rate as prescribed (B) is essential for a Venturi mask, ensuring the exact FiO2 (24-50%) matches the order for precise delivery. Continuous SpO2 (A) may be excessive. Lung sounds q-shift (C) are routine. Loose fit (D) reduces accuracy. Prescription adherence, per respiratory standards, optimizes therapy.
Question 3 of 5
An elderly client who experiences nighttime confusion wanders from his room into the room of another client. The nurse can best help decrease the client's confusion by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A night light reduces nighttime confusion in elderly clients by improving visibility, orienting them to their surroundings, and decreasing disorientation a common, non-invasive dementia strategy. Constant supervision, room-sharing, or sedatives are less practical or riskier, potentially increasing agitation or falls. Nurses implement this to enhance safety and comfort, minimizing wandering without restricting autonomy excessively.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following conditions is most likely related to the development of renal calculi?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gout increases renal calculi risk due to elevated uric acid levels forming stones, a metabolic link well-documented in nephrology unlike pancreatitis (calcium stones rarely), fractures, or disc disease, which lack direct renal impact. Nurses connect this condition to stone formation for prevention teaching, like hydration and dietary purine reduction, addressing a client's predisposition to this painful urologic issue.
Question 5 of 5
A client receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer has an order for Zofran (ondansetron) 8mg PO to be given 30 minutes before induction of the chemotherapy. The purpose of the medication is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Zofran (ondansetron), a 5-HT3 antagonist, prevents nausea pre-chemotherapy for breast cancer, blocking serotonin-mediated vomiting a standard antiemetic strategy. It doesn't affect anemia, relaxation, or neutrophils. Nurses time it 30 minutes prior for peak effect, ensuring comfort during treatment, critical for adherence and quality of life.