ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which out of the following conditions will not cause respiratory alkalosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis (high pH, low PCOâ‚‚) results from hyperventilation, seen in fever (A), anxiety (B), and salicylate toxicity (D) due to stimulated breathing. Laryngeal obstruction (C) restricts airflow, causing COâ‚‚ retention (respiratory acidosis, low pH, high PCOâ‚‚), not alkalosis, making C the exception.
Question 2 of 5
What role does the parasympathetic nervous system play in urinary elimination?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The parasympathetic nervous system, via pelvic nerves (S2-S4), promotes bladder emptying (D) by contracting the detrusor muscle and relaxing the internal sphincter during micturition. Blood pressure (A) is autonomic, fight-or-flight (B) is sympathetic, and voluntary control (C) is somatic, making D the correct role.
Question 3 of 5
Within an hour following intravenous angiotensin II infusion, the following is(are) clinically evident:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Angiotensin II rapidly increases proximal sodium uptake (A), causes vasoconstriction (B), and stimulates aldosterone release (C), all within an hour. All are true—sodium reabsorption rises, vessels constrict, aldosterone increases—making E (all are correct), reassigned as D, correct.
Question 4 of 5
When a female client with an indwelling urinary (Foley) catheter insists on walking to the hospital lobby to visit with family members, nurse Rose teaches how to do this without compromising the catheter. Which client action indicates an accurate understanding of this information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping the drainage bag below the bladder at all times (B) ensures gravity drainage, preventing urine reflux and infection during mobility. Setting the bag on the floor (A) risks contamination, clamping tubing (C) blocks flow and raises pressure, and looping below entry (D) may kink tubing, making B the action showing correct understanding.
Question 5 of 5
As the renal artery approaches the kidney, it branches to supply the renal glomeruli. Place the following in the correct sequence starting from the renal artery: 1) arcuate artery, 2) interlobular artery, 3) interlobar artery, 4) afferent arteriole.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: th