ATI LPN
Urinary System Test Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following statements is correct with regard to net collecting duct hydrogen ion secretion.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased sodium reabsorption via apical channels (B) in the collecting duct (principal cells) enhances H⺠secretion by intercalated cells, balancing charge. Ammonia buffers H⺠(A is false), titratable acids affect it (C is false), and aldosterone boosts it (D is false), making B correct.
Question 2 of 5
The fluid in the capsular space is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Capsular filtrate lacks significant albumin (D) due to glomerular filtration barriers (podocytes, basement membrane) retaining proteins. Glucose (A), sodium (B), and H⺠(C) filter freely, making D the key difference.
Question 3 of 5
A 72-year-old who has benign prostatic hyperplasia is admitted to the hospital with chills, fever, and vomiting. Which finding by the nurse will be most helpful in determining whether the patient has an upper urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Costovertebral tenderness (D) indicates pyelonephritis (upper UTI), a critical finding with systemic symptoms like fever and chills. Suprapubic pain (A), distention (B), and foul urine (C) suggest lower UTI, less specific for upper tract involvement, making D most diagnostic.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with bladder cancer is scheduled for intravesical chemotherapy. In preparation for the treatment the nurse will teach the patient about
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Emptying the bladder before intravesical chemotherapy (D) ensures direct drug contact with the bladder wall. Systemic effects like nausea (A), hair loss (B), or oral issues (C) don't occur with this local treatment, making D the key preparation.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse completing a physical assessment for a newly admitted patient is unable to feel either kidney on palpation. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The kidneys are protected by the abdominal organs, ribs, and muscles of the back and may not be palpable under normal circumstances. No action is needed except to document the assessment information.