ATI LPN
Cardiovascular Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following is correct regarding alpha-adrenergic blockers?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alpha-blockers like tamsulosin treat benign prostatic hyperplasia by relaxing smooth muscle.
Question 2 of 5
A 58-year-old man undergoes open-heart surgery for a triple coronary bypass graft. His surgery goes smoothly, but the next day he develops chest palpitation. Metoprolol is started to keep his supraventricular tachycardia from interfering with ventricular rhythm. Under which Singh-Vaughan Williams class of antiarrhythmic does metoprolol fall?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, is a Class II antiarrhythmic.
Question 3 of 5
An increase in end diastolic volume would have which effect on cardiac output?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An increase in end diastolic volume stretches the cardiac muscle fibers, increasing stroke volume and thus cardiac output according to the Frank-Starling mechanism.
Question 4 of 5
A 7 year old boy presents with a low-grade fever, arthralgias, colicky abdominal pain, and a palpable purpuric rash limited to the lower extremities. Laboratory studies reveal a guaiac-positive stool, a urinalysis with red blood cell (RBC) casts, hematuria, and mild proteinuria, and a CBC with a normal Hb, Hct, and platelet count. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) presents with purpuric rash, arthralgias, abdominal pain, and glomerulonephritis (RBC casts), typically in children.
Question 5 of 5
What patient statement indicates further teaching is required regarding lifestyle modifications to reduce blood pressure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nicotine contained in tobacco products (smoking and chew) causes vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure. Persons with hypertension should restrict sodium to 1500 mg/day by avoiding foods high in sodium and not adding salt in preparation of food or at meals. Weight loss can decrease blood pressure between 5 to 20 mm Hg.