ATI LPN
Test Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which one of the following is correct about nonvolatile acids.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nonvolatile acids (e.g., sulfuric, phosphoric) arise from metabolism and protein breakdown (D), requiring renal excretion. They must be eliminated (A is false), volatile acids (COâ‚‚) exceed them (B is false), and bone buffers partially (C is false), making D correct.
Question 2 of 5
Glucose is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucose is filtered at the glomerulus and fully reabsorbed in the PCT (B), not secreted, under normal conditions. Secretion (A, C) or no reabsorption (D) occurs only in pathology (e.g., diabetes), making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following would NOT be secreted from the ISF into the filtrate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amino acids (B) are reabsorbed in the PCT, not secreted, to conserve nutrients. Organic acids (A), bases (C), and creatinine (D) are secreted to eliminate waste, making B the exception.
Question 4 of 5
Following rectal surgery, a patient voids about 50 mL of urine every 30 to 60 minutes. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent small voids suggest overflow incontinence post-surgery, so checking residual urine with ultrasound (A) assesses bladder emptying. Monitoring I&O (B) delays intervention, fluids (C) don't address retention, and reassurance (D) ignores the issue, making A most appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
Which information noted by the nurse when caring for a patient with a bladder infection is most important to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Flank pain (C) in a bladder infection suggests pyelonephritis, a complication needing prompt reporting. Dysuria (A), hematuria (B), and mild fever (D) are typical, but upper tract involvement is urgent, making C most important.