Which one of the following is an example of non-verbal communication?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Holding hands is non-verbal e.g., comfort unlike letters , sign , or calls . PSWs use this e.g., touch for feelings. Misnaming risks missing cues; this fits. This aids emotional care, a PSW strength in observation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Proper positioning in a chair enhances comfort and prevents complications like pressure ulcers or poor circulation. Mrs. Smith's back and buttocks against the chair back and feet flat on the floor or footrests are correct for stability and support. The back of her knees and calves being away from the chair edge prevents pressure on those areas, which is also correct. However, stating that her paralyzed arms rest on her lap as universally true is misleading. With paralysis, arms may not naturally rest on the lap without support, such as pillows or armrests, due to lack of muscle control. In practice, paralyzed limbs require intentional positioning to avoid strain or injury, and without clarification of support, this statement does not hold as a standard positioning rule, making it the false option based on typical care protocols.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: These symptoms fever, nausea, vomiting, rash or sores, pain or tenderness, and redness are classic signs of infection . Fever signals the body fighting pathogens, nausea and vomiting suggest systemic involvement (e.g., gastroenteritis), and rash, sores, pain, and redness indicate localized inflammation (e.g., cellulitis). A fracture typically presents with swelling, deformity, or immobility, not fever or vomiting. A nodule is a growth, often benign, without systemic symptoms like nausea. A skin tag is a harmless flap, not linked to fever or pain. Infection aligns with clinical patterns PSWs are trained to recognize and report, making it the correct diagnosis based on the symptom cluster.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The five senses vision, hearing, touch, smell, taste are the human body's primary sensory inputs, processed by specialized organs (eyes, ears, skin, nose, tongue). Choice B mixes ambulation (movement) with senses, which isn't sensory. Choice C includes activities (feeding, dressing) and communication, not senses. Choice D lists organs but omits their functions (e.g., touch via skin, not stomach). Basic physiology, foundational in PSW training, defines these five as the standard sensory modalities, critical for assessing client perception, making 'Vision, hearing, touch, smell, taste' the correct and complete set.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dry skin, common in elderly clients, needs moisture retention. Bubble bath may irritate or dry skin further with chemicals. Bathing twice daily strips natural oils, worsening dryness. Rubbing briskly stimulates blood flow but doesn't hydrate and may harm fragile skin. Applying lotion or oil after bathing locks in moisture, a proven skincare method in PSW practice, soothing and protecting skin per dermatological advice. This addresses the root cause effectively, making it the correct and most therapeutic choice.