ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following would one expect to find in pleural fluid associated with lung cancer:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pleural fluid in lung cancer shows protein >3.5 g/100 mL (D) exudative from tumor inflammation or necrosis (Light's criteria: pleural/serum protein >0.5). Specific gravity <1.015 (A) or >1.015 (B) varies, not diagnostic alone. Protein <3.5 g (C) fits transudates (e.g., CHF). RBCs <100/mm³ underestimates cancer often yields bloody fluid (>10,000). High protein reflects malignancy's leakiness, key in thoracentesis analysis for oncology nursing.
Question 2 of 5
Early signs of excessive exposure to X-ray or radium can best be detected by periodic:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood counts (D) best detect early X-ray/radium exposure radiation damages marrow, dropping WBCs, platelets (e.g., <1000/μL) within weeks. Chest X-ray (A) shows lung damage later. Urinalysis (B) or liver tests (C) miss hematologic effects. EKGs assess heart, not radiation. Counts' sensitivity to marrow suppression is key in nursing for occupational exposure monitoring and halting exposure.
Question 3 of 5
The classic triad of symptoms in pernicious anemia is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pernicious anemia's triad is weakness, sore tongue, paresthesias (D) B12 deficiency causes anemia (weakness), glossitis (sore tongue), and neuropathy (paresthesias, e.g., numbness). Heartburn (A, B) or dysphagia (C, E) aren't classic esophageal webs are rare. Triad reflects multisystem B12 loss, key in nursing for symptom recognition and B12 therapy.
Question 4 of 5
Defective clot retraction and a normal platelets count might be due to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glanzmann's thrombasthenia GPIIb/IIIa defect impairs clot retraction despite normal platelet count (e.g., 200,000/μL), causing mucocutaneous bleeding. Iron deficiency (A) affects RBCs. Von Willebrand's (B likely disease misprint) lowers vWF, not retraction. Neoplastic (C) or Osler-Weber (D vascular) don't fit. Glanzmann's fibrinogen binding failure is key, guiding nursing for transfusion support.
Question 5 of 5
In intravascular clotting or thrombosis the one factor which is not important is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intravascular thrombosis Virchow's triad: vessel injury (A), stasis (B), hypercoagulability (D) plus infection promote clots. Lack of vitamin C (C) causes scurvy, not thrombosis collagen weakness bleeds, not clots. C's irrelevance is key, guiding nursing for anticoagulation focus, not nutritional correction.