ATI LPN
Questions of Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following would lead to a decreased heart rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased plasma potassium (hyperkalemia) decreases heart rate by depolarizing cardiac cells, slowing pacemaker activity and conduction severe cases stop the heart. Norepinephrine (sympathetic) and thyroid hormone increase rate by boosting metabolism and SA node firing. Increased calcium enhances contractility, not slowing rate in excess, it speeds it. Potassium's membrane effect, shifting resting potential, disrupts rhythm, a clinical concern in renal failure or drug effects, contrasting with stimulatory factors, key in ECG changes and arrhythmia management.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is a semilunar valve?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
What should the nurse include when teaching health maintenance strategies to the client w/ COPD? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Yearly influenza (A), pneumonia vaccines (B), and adequate calories (D) aid COPD per GOLD guidelines, but A is primary (document lists 1). Flu shots cut exacerbations (30-50% risk drop). Pneumonia vaccine (PCV13) prevents S. pneumoniae. Limiting activity (C) worsens deconditioning exercise (e.g., 30 min/day) is key. Calories (e.g., 30 kcal/kg) combat cachexia from high metabolic demand (BMR +20%). A's emphasis reflects COPD's viral trigger risk flu doubles exacerbation odds, unlike C's harm or D's support role, making it the standout strategy.
Question 4 of 5
A client is admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of viral pneumonia. The nurse assesses for which of the following most frequent manifestations? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Viral pneumonia features nonproductive cough (B) and normal/near-normal WBC (C), per document (2, 3). Viruses (e.g., influenza) cause dry cough (no consolidation) and leukopenia or normal counts (e.g., 4-11k), unlike bacterial spikes. Gohn's tubercle (A) is TB, not viral. Intermittent fever (D) fits TB, not viral's steady rise. Pleural effusion is bacterial. B's cough 50% cases flags viral etiology, distinguishing it from A's TB link.
Question 5 of 5
A young toddler is being discharged after an emergency admission for foreign body aspiration. The parents ask what they can do to prevent another accident. What advice is appropriate for the nurse to give the parents?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keeping small objects out of reach (C) prevents aspiration, per document (3). Toddlers (1-3 years) explore orally 90% of cases <5 cm objects (e.g., coins). Watching (A) or teaching (B) fail developmentally. Continuous observation (D) is impractical. C's environmental control 50% risk drop fits AAP safety, unlike A's vagueness.