Which of the following would increase a client's risk of ovarian cancer?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Endometriosis, which can increase a client's risk of ovarian cancer. Endometriosis causes cells similar to those lining the uterus to grow outside the uterus, potentially affecting the ovaries and increasing the likelihood of developing ovarian cancer. A) History of fibroids is incorrect because fibroids are benign tumors in the uterus and do not directly increase the risk of ovarian cancer. B) Early menopause is not a direct risk factor for ovarian cancer. In fact, women who experience early menopause may have a slightly decreased risk of developing ovarian cancer. D) Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is not associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects the ovaries but does not predispose individuals to ovarian cancer. Educationally, understanding risk factors for ovarian cancer is crucial for healthcare providers in providing appropriate care and counseling to their clients. By recognizing the relationship between certain conditions like endometriosis and ovarian cancer, providers can implement early detection and preventive strategies to improve patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C, Petroleum jelly. When providing discharge instructions for a circumcised newborn, petroleum jelly is recommended to apply during diaper changes to prevent diaper adherence to the penis. Petroleum jelly acts as a barrier and helps to protect the healing circumcision site from irritation and sticking to the diaper. It also promotes healing by keeping the area moisturized without causing any adverse effects. Options A, B, and D are incorrect in this context. Baby oil is not recommended for application on a circumcision site as it may lead to irritation or infection. Antibiotic ointment is not typically used for routine care of a circumcision site unless specifically prescribed by a healthcare provider for an infection. Alcohol wipes are too harsh for the sensitive skin of a newborn and can cause irritation and dryness, which can hinder the healing process. Educationally, understanding the appropriate care for a circumcised newborn is crucial for nurses providing postpartum and newborn care. By knowing the correct recommendations for care, nurses can help parents feel confident in caring for their newborn at home and promote optimal healing and comfort for the newborn. It is important to provide evidence-based, safe, and effective care instructions to ensure the well-being of the newborn and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the postpartum period, deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) is a significant concern due to the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy. Cesarean birth is strongly associated with DVT due to factors like reduced mobility post-surgery and endothelial damage. Vaginal birth allows for easier mobility and fewer complications, reducing DVT risk. Anemia, while a concern postpartum, is not directly related to DVT. Multiparity alone does not increase DVT risk unless coupled with other factors like cesarean birth. Educationally, understanding the risk factors for postpartum complications like DVT is crucial for nurses caring for postpartum clients. By knowing the association between cesarean birth and DVT, nurses can implement preventive measures such as early ambulation, compression stockings, and pharmacological prophylaxis to reduce the incidence of this serious complication. This knowledge enhances the quality of care provided to postpartum clients and promotes positive maternal outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of an amniocentesis, the correct action for the client to take before the procedure is to empty the bladder. This is crucial because a full bladder can impede the healthcare provider's ability to safely perform the amniocentesis procedure, as a full bladder can be in the way of the needle insertion into the amniotic sac. Option A, increasing fluid intake, is not necessary before an amniocentesis and could actually lead to a fuller bladder, which is counterproductive. Option C, avoiding eating for 12 hours, is not required for this procedure as it is not a surgical procedure that necessitates fasting. Option D, taking a sedative, is also not necessary for an amniocentesis unless specifically prescribed by the healthcare provider for anxiety or other reasons, but it is not a standard preparation step. Educationally, it is important for students and healthcare professionals to understand the specific pre-procedure instructions for various medical interventions to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Understanding the rationale behind each instruction helps in providing optimal care for the client and promoting positive outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the scenario of a client being treated for eclampsia, the priority nursing intervention is to assess for hyperreflexia, which is a hallmark sign of impending seizures associated with eclampsia. This assessment is crucial as it can help in early identification of seizure activity and prompt initiation of interventions to prevent further complications. Administering oxygen (option B) is important in eclampsia, but assessing for hyperreflexia takes precedence as it directly relates to the immediate risk of seizures. Monitoring blood pressure every 15 minutes (option C) is important in managing eclampsia, but it is not the priority over assessing for hyperreflexia. Preparing for delivery (option D) may be necessary in the long term management of eclampsia, but addressing the immediate risk of seizures by assessing for hyperreflexia is the priority at hand. In an educational context, this question highlights the critical thinking and prioritization skills required in managing clients with eclampsia. Understanding the urgency of assessing for hyperreflexia in this scenario emphasizes the importance of swift and accurate nursing interventions to ensure patient safety and positive outcomes.