ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions with Rationale Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following will cause tachycardia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prazosin, an alpha-blocker, causes reflex tachycardia by reducing vascular tone.
Question 2 of 5
A 56-year-old man presented to his primary care physician complaining of difficulty urinating. Digital rectal exam reveals an enlarged prostate. The patient is started in a trial of Terazosin, after which his symptoms improve dramatically. Which of the following describes terazosin's drug class?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Terazosin, an alpha1-adrenergic antagonist, relaxes prostate smooth muscle.
Question 3 of 5
The greatest decrease in ventricular pressure occurs at this time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isovolumetric relaxation marks the rapid decline in ventricular pressure as the heart transitions from systole to diastole.
Question 4 of 5
A 30 year old man with a viral myocarditis who develops hypotension, neck vein distention, a drop in blood pressure on inspiration, and muffled heart sounds most likely has:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pericardial effusion post-viral myocarditis can cause tamponade, with signs like hypotension, neck vein distention, pulsus paradoxus, and muffled heart sounds.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is warned by his physician that his increasing dyspnea may be worsened by his continued cigarette smoking. Which of the following factors, released by both neutrophils and alveolar macrophages, is responsible for the patient's condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elastase, unchecked due to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, destroys alveolar walls, worsened by smoking, causing emphysema and dyspnea.