Which of the following substances releases hydroge

ATI LPN

ATI LPN Test Bank

Which of the following substances releases hydrogen ions into a solution?

A. acids B. bases C. salts D. glucose

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acids donate hydrogen ions, lowering pH.

When normal buffer mechanisms are overwhelmed by excessive numbers of hydrogen ions, which of the following will result?

A. acidosis B. alkalosis C. neither of these D. None of the above

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Excess H⁺ overwhelms buffers, causing acidosis (low pH).

The K⁺ level of 2.8 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia. Low plasma K⁺ levels will cause

A. thirst B. muscle weakness C. increased body temperature D. tremors, tetany, and convulsions

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypokalemia (low K⁺) impairs muscle function, causing weakness.

hyperventilation

A. respiratory acidosis B. respiratory alkalosis C. metabolic acidosis D. metabolic alkalosis

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hyperventilation reduces CO₂ causing respiratory alkalosis.

Potassium secretion in the renal tubules is regulated by

A. ADH B. aldosterone C. PTH D. calcitonin

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aldosterone increases potassium secretion in the distal tubule.

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