Which of the following statements made by the parent of a 3 week old infant that would alert the nurse about the presence of a congenital heart condition?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fatigue during feeding (B) suggests congenital heart defects due to poor oxygenation. Sleeping (A), hunger (C), and fussiness (D) are normal or nonspecific. Document: 'Fatigue during feeding… is common to most infants with congenital cardiac problems.'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: ACE inhibitors in congestive heart failure primarily reduce afterload (Choice A) by blocking angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and reduced cardiac workload, improving cardiac output. Contractility (Choice B) isn’t directly enhanced. Heart rate (Choice C) may decrease indirectly but isn’t the primary aim. Myocardial relaxation (Choice D) relates more to diastolic function, not the main effect. Afterload reduction is the key mechanism.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Williams syndrome results from a microdeletion on chromosome 7q11.23 , affecting the elastin gene, leading to cardiovascular and developmental issues (NIH). Other chromosomes (B-E) are unrelated.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: High-dose methylprednisolone within 8 hours of spinal cord injury improves motor recovery, per NASCIS trials. Other options (B-E) lack comparable evidence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hyperinsulinemia in IDMs from maternal hyperglycemia causes postnatal hypoglycemia (AAP). Other options (A, B, D, E) don’t fit.