ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 4
Which of the following statements about urine specific gravity is WRONG?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SG is density ratio, not molarity like mmol/L.
Question 2 of 4
The nurse is caring for a client admitted with a tentative diagnosis of bacterial meningitis. Which diagnostic procedure should be performed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a client with a tentative diagnosis of bacterial meningitis, a lumbar puncture is the definitive diagnostic procedure. This test allows for the collection of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to identify the presence of bacteria, elevated white blood cells, and other markers of infection. Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment, and the lumbar puncture provides critical information to confirm the diagnosis and guide antibiotic therapy. While blood cultures and imaging like CT or MRI may be supportive, they do not directly confirm bacterial meningitis as effectively as CSF analysis does.
Question 3 of 4
The nurse assesses a client who is newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism and observes that the client's eyeballs are protuberant, causing a wide-eyed appearance and eye discomfort. Based on this finding, which action should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For a client with hyperthyroidism showing protuberant eyeballs (exophthalmos) and discomfort, the nurse should obtain a prescription for artificial tear drops. Exophthalmos, common in Graves' disease, causes eye dryness and irritation due to incomplete lid closure. Lubricating drops relieve symptoms and prevent corneal damage. Levothyroxine worsens hyperthyroidism, intracranial pressure isn't related, and electrolytes, while relevant, don't address the eye issue directly, making artificial tears the most appropriate action.
Question 4 of 4
The nurse assesses a client with petechiae and ecchymosis scattered across the arms and legs. Which laboratory result should the nurse review?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a client with petechiae and ecchymosis, the nurse should review the platelet count. These signs indicate small vessel bleeding, often due to thrombocytopenia (low platelets), impairing clotting. Conditions like ITP or marrow suppression could be causes, and a low count (e.g., <150,000) requires intervention (e.g., transfusion). Hemoglobin and RBCs reflect anemia, not bruising, and WBCs relate to infection, making platelets the critical lab for this presentation.