Which of the following statement is true regarding temperature?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rectal thermometers have pear-shaped or round bulbs for safety e.g., preventing injury in infants. Oral temps are less accurate than rectal (gold standard), older age lowers BMR (metabolism slows), and swimming increases BMR (activity boosts it). This design ensures accurate, safe measurement, per nursing protocols.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Early morning urine first void e.g., concentrated overnight is best for urinalysis/C&S, detecting abnormalities (glucose, bacteria). Later times dilute; midnight, pre-breakfast vary. Nurses collect this e.g., 6 AM for diagnostic accuracy, per lab protocols.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lawrence Kohlberg's moral development theory (1950s) hinges on mutual trust e.g., fairness learned through reciprocal bonds. Freud's psychoanalysis, Erikson's stages, and Peters' principles differ. Kohlberg's stages premoral (obedience), conventional (norms), post-conventional (ethics) explain moral growth, influencing nursing ethics on trust-based patient care, like respecting autonomy in decisions.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Maslow's theory (1940s) allows need priorities to shift e.g., safety over hunger in danger. Needs interrelate (esteem ties to safety), aren't rigid, and can defer. Nurses adapt e.g., tackling pain before teaching reflecting this flexibility, key to responsive care planning.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Temperature peaks late day (8 PM-midnight) e.g., circadian rise while lowest is early morning (not noon). Thyroxin raises temp, and elderly risk hypothermia (not hyperthermia) from poor regulation. Nurses monitor this e.g., fever trends per physiological norms.