ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statement is TRUE about standard precautions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Standard precautions are routine safety measures (B), per CDC e.g., gloves always. Not infection-only (A), are nursing (C), not all (D) universal. B truly defines precautions' role, protecting Mr. Gary, making it correct.
Question 2 of 5
When caring for a client with a femoral venous catheter, it is essential for the nurse to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A femoral venous catheter, inserted into a large vein, poses a high infection risk if not handled properly. Maintaining sterile technique during care prevents introducing pathogens, which could lead to bloodstream infections, a serious complication. Irrigating with saline isn't standard unless ordered, as it risks dislodging clots or causing fluid overload. Assessing dressings for bleeding is important but secondary to infection prevention, as sterile technique addresses the root cause of complications. Limiting mobility reduces dislodgement risk but isn't the primary focus compared to infection control. Sterile technique aligns with evidence-based practice to ensure patient safety and catheter functionality.
Question 3 of 5
A circumscribed raised lesion that contains pus which may be formed as a result of purulent changes in a vesicle is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A pustule is a small, elevated lesion filled with pus, often evolving from vesicles due to infection (e.g., acne, impetigo). Macules are flat and discolored, papules are solid and raised, and nodules are deeper, larger masses. Nurses identify pustules during skin assessments, indicating bacterial involvement, guiding treatments like antibiotics or drainage to resolve inflammation and prevent spread.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with albuminuria develops edema because of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuminuria (protein loss in urine) reduces plasma albumin, lowering colloid oncotic pressure, which normally keeps fluid in vessels. This imbalance lets fluid leak into tissues, causing edema. Hydrostatic pressures and tissue osmotic pressure play lesser roles. Nurses manage this with albumin infusions, addressing the root cause to reduce swelling and support circulation.
Question 5 of 5
The theorist who believes that adaptation and manipulation of stressors are related to fostering change is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Model posits that individuals are adaptive systems interacting with a changing environment, where managing stressors fosters health and change. Nurses, per Roy, facilitate adaptation by manipulating environmental stimuli, aligning with the question's focus on stressor manipulation. Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory emphasizes self-care abilities, not stressor adaptation as a change mechanism. Imogene King's Goal Attainment Theory focuses on nurse-patient interactions to achieve health goals, not specifically stressor manipulation. Virginia Henderson's model defines nursing through 14 basic needs, prioritizing care assistance over adaptation to stressors. Roy's theory uniquely ties adaptation and stressor management to fostering change, as patients adjust to physical, emotional, or social challenges, making her the theorist best matching this description.