Which of the following statement is TRUE about self-concept?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Self-concept is how a person perceives himself (B), per psychology identity, worth. Not fixed (A, evolves), affects health (C, e.g., esteem), not all (D). B truly defines self-concept's personal view, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Checking uterine firmness post-abruptio placenta delivery prevents postpartum hemorrhage, a priority Apgar, IV, and oxygen follow maternal stabilization. Nurses massage the fundus, monitoring bleeding, critical for maternal survival in this obstetric emergency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Delegation assigns tasks (A), improves efficiency (B), requires supervision (D) 'nurse loses accountability' (C) isn't true, retains it, per standards. C's loss fails, making it untrue.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pain radiating to Mr. Gary's upper right quadrant is referred pain (C), where sensation is felt away from its source, per pain types (e.g., gallbladder to shoulder). Acute (A) and chronic (B) describe duration, not location. Phantom (D) is post-amputation. Referred pain aligns with anatomical nerve pathways, common in visceral issues, making C correct for this pattern.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Martina is in a crisis (D). Her devastation, depression, and crying after losing at Wimbledon suggest a sudden, overwhelming event disrupting her homeostasis, fitting crisis definition. Stress (A) is too mild; anxiety (B) lacks the depth of her response. Exhaustion in GAS (C) follows prolonged stress, but this is acute. Crisis involves intense emotional distress from a specific trigger, like career setback, making D correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: From 1900 to 1940, nursing research centered on nursing education, exploring teaching methods and evaluation to professionalize training, then hospital-based. This focus, seen in early journals, aimed to standardize learning as nursing emerged as a discipline. Client care and treatment issues gained prominence later, post-World War II, as research shifted to practical outcomes. Supply and demand surged during the war, not before, driven by military needs. Education's early emphasis built the foundation for modern nursing, ensuring nurses were equipped for growing healthcare roles. Unlike later patient-focused studies, this period's work like analyzing curriculum efficacy shaped how nurses were prepared, reflecting the era's priority to establish a skilled workforce amid limited formal structures, setting the stage for broader research expansion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nursing code of ethics emphasizes that a nurse's primary loyalty is to the client, prioritizing their needs and well-being above conflicting interests from family, physicians, or hospital policies. This principle stems from the duty to advocate for the client's autonomy, safety, and health, ensuring decisions align with their best interests. When family or physician preferences diverge, the nurse must assess and support what benefits the client most, even if it means navigating tension. Hospital policies guide practice but don't override client-centered care. This ethical stance empowers nurses to act as client advocates, fostering trust and upholding professional integrity. For instance, if a family pushes for an intervention the client refuses, the nurse defends the client's right to choose, reinforcing that their needs come first in ethical practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Listening and providing honest answers supports informed decision-making.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Epidemiology is study of disease patterns (B), per definition e.g., incidence, spread. Not treatment (A), surgery (C), finance (D) research-based. B best defines epidemiology's analytical role, making it correct.