Which of the following statement is TRUE about professional development?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Professional development enhances skills (B), per nursing e.g., ongoing education. Not stops (A), not manager-only (C), not all (D) career-long. B truly defines development's growth, improving Mr. Gary's care, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Escalating to supervisor is chain of command (A) structured line, per definition. Reporting (B) events, literacy (C) understanding, advocacy (D) rights not hierarchy-specific. A fits the nurse's use for Mr. Gary's issue, making it correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Managed care organizations control costs and quality (B), per definition e.g., HMOs for Mr. Gary. Not unregulated (A), not group (C), not one-time (D) system-based. B best defines their role, balancing care and expense, making it correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy ranks human needs in a pyramid. Physiological needs (air, water) form the base, followed by safety (security), belongingness (love), and esteem (respect). Self-actualization, the peak, involves achieving one's full potential creativity, purpose once lower needs are met. Nurses apply this to prioritize care, addressing survival needs before personal growth. Self-actualization's position reflects its rarity and dependence on foundational stability, shaping holistic care plans to support patients toward this ultimate goal.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Extracellular fluid excess (e.g., heart failure) increases blood volume, distending jugular veins as pressure rises in the venous system. Elevated hematocrit indicates dehydration, not excess. A rapid, thready pulse suggests hypovolemia, and increased sodium isn't typical unless concentrated. Nurses assess jugular distension to detect fluid overload, guiding diuretics or fluid restriction to prevent complications like pulmonary edema.