Which of the following statement best describe subjective data?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Subjective data is reported by the client (B), per assessment e.g., pain level. Not measurable (A), not always accurate (C), not physical (D) client-based. B best defines subjective's source, making it correct.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Knee-chest provides optimal access and visibility for rectal exams.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. In chronic kidney disease, limiting protein intake is crucial to prevent overworking the kidneys. Excessive protein consumption can lead to the accumulation of metabolic waste products that the kidneys struggle to process, worsening kidney function. Therefore, by recognizing the need to restrict protein intake, the client demonstrates an understanding of the dietary management required for their condition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing intake of potassium-rich foods (Choice B) is not recommended in chronic kidney disease as it can lead to hyperkalemia. Similarly, increasing intake of phosphorus-rich foods (Choice C) is not advised because impaired kidneys struggle to excrete phosphorus, leading to elevated levels in the blood. Lastly, increasing intake of calcium-rich foods (Choice D) may not be necessary unless there is a specific deficiency or requirement, as calcium balance is often disrupted in chronic kidney disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When collecting a stool specimen for ova and parasites, it is essential to place the specimen collection container in a biohazard bag. This practice ensures proper handling of potentially infectious material and prevents contamination with microorganisms. The biohazard bag should be labeled with the client's information for easy identification and proper tracking throughout the testing process. Instructing the client to defecate into a clean container is incorrect as it may introduce contaminants. Transferring the specimen to a sterile container is unnecessary and can increase the risk of contamination. Refrigerating the collected specimen is also not recommended as it may alter the sample and affect the test results.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Safety protocols reduce harm (A), guide care (B), are nursing (D) 'only for emergencies' (C) isn't true, used always, per standards. C's limit contradicts broad use, like Mr. Gary's routine care, making it untrue.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Increasing intake of iodine-rich foods is beneficial for clients with hypothyroidism as iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Adequate iodine intake helps to support thyroid function in individuals with hypothyroidism, making choice A the most appropriate response indicating an understanding of the dietary management for this condition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because decreasing iodine-rich foods, increasing potassium-rich foods, or decreasing sodium-rich foods are not the recommended dietary modifications for hypothyroidism. In fact, decreasing iodine-rich foods could exacerbate hypothyroidism due to the essential role of iodine in thyroid hormone production.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Midsagittal plane splits the body into equal left-right halves, unlike horizontal, front-back, or X divisions. Nurses use this in anatomical understanding.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Tenseness of the anterior fontanel is a key sign of bacterial meningitis in a 5-month-old, indicating increased intracranial pressure from infection, alongside fever, irritability, and seizures. Periorbital edema isn't typical, a positive Babinski is normal at this age, and a negative scarf sign relates to tone, not pressure. Nurses assess this bulging fontanel urgently, as it signals worsening inflammation, guiding immediate antibiotic and supportive care to prevent brain damage or death in this critical condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Patient rights are legal and ethical entitlements (B), per standards e.g., consent, privacy. Not nurse-given (A), not temporary (C), not rules (D) inherent protections. B best defines rights' basis, like Mr. Gary's care expectations, making it correct.