Which of the following statement best describe negligence in nursing?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Negligence is failure to meet care standards (B), per tort law e.g., missed duty. Not intentional (A), not choice (C), not policy (D) care-based lapse. B best defines negligence's breach, like Mr. Gary's potential harm, making it correct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Potassium 6.2 mEq/L (normal 3.5-5.0) in renal failure with chest pain and dyspnea signals hyperkalemia, risking cardiac arrhythmias urgent for physician report. Creatinine elevation is expected, hemoglobin and sodium are normal. Nurses flag this, as it ties to symptoms, prompting ECG and potassium-lowering measures.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Accurate CMV diagnosis relies on fresh specimens (e.g., urine, saliva), as the virus's viability drops quickly, critical for PCR or culture confirmation unlike stool, pregnant staff safety, or single samples. Nurses ensure prompt lab delivery, protecting immunocompromised clients from missed detection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic approach to client care, beginning with assessment (A), which involves collecting data about the client's health status. Taking vital signs after a client reports abdominal pain and diarrhea is a clear example of assessment, as it gathers objective physiological data (e.g., temperature, pulse, blood pressure) to evaluate the client's condition. Diagnosis (B) follows assessment and involves analyzing data to identify health problems, which has not yet occurred here. Planning (C) entails setting goals and interventions based on the diagnosis, while implementation (D) is the execution of those interventions neither of which apply to simply taking vital signs. This initial data collection is foundational to understanding the client's condition, guiding subsequent steps, and ensuring accurate care, making A the correct phase in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A soft abdomen indicates effective nasogastric suction post-bowel resection, decompressing the stomach and intestines, preventing distension or leakage at the anastomosis site. Swallowing ability, bowel sounds, or dressing condition don't directly confirm suction efficacy distension relief does. Nurses monitor this to ensure gastrointestinal rest, reducing complications like ileus or suture strain, supporting healing in a client recovering from major abdominal surgery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A community shares common attributes or connections.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The evolution of nursing education reflects historical shifts in healthcare demands, and World War II marked a significant turning point. During this period, Esther Lucile Brown's 1940s report highlighted the need for nursing education to move from hospital-based training to colleges and universities, arguing it would elevate the profession's standards and scientific foundation. This shift was driven by the war's demand for skilled nurses in both military and civilian roles, exposing the limitations of earlier apprenticeship models. The Spanish-American War saw nursing in its infancy, while World War I, despite Florence Nightingale's influence, still struggled with professionalization. The Civil War predates these developments, with nursing largely informal. World War II's crisis needs catalyzed a formal push for university-based programs, shaping modern nursing education to meet complex healthcare challenges with a stronger academic base, a legacy that continues to influence the profession today.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Chronic conditions, unlike acute ones, are defined by persistence and complexity, shaping nursing care. They are rarely curable e.g., diabetes requires ongoing management, not resolution. They have a prolonged course, unfolding over years, demanding sustained interventions like medication or lifestyle adjustments. Their onset is typically slow, not rapid, as with hypertension developing gradually versus a sudden fracture. They don't resolve spontaneously; without care, they worsen think arthritis progressing without therapy. These traits incurability, chronicity guide nurses to focus on long-term strategies, education, and support, contrasting with acute care's quick fixes. Understanding this ensures tailored plans that mitigate impact, enhancing quality of life for clients facing enduring health challenges.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Remittent fever fluctuates above normal (38.5-40°C) e.g., typhoid without dropping to baseline. Relapsing (normal intervals), intermittent (to normal), and constant (stable) differ. Nurses track this e.g., six swings for diagnosis, per fever patterns.