ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which of the following statement best describe evidence-based practice?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evidence-based practice uses research to guide care (B), per definition data-driven (e.g., studies). Not tradition (A), opinion (C), rule (D) scientific basis. B best defines EBP's rigorous approach, making it correct.
Question 2 of 9
Dr. Fabian De Las Santas, is about to conduct an ophthalmoscope examination. Which of the following, if done by a nurse, is a Correct preparation before the procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Darkening the room aids ophthalmoscopy e.g., pupil dilation for retina unlike bright light (constricts). Draping (privacy), warming (nonsense) differ. Nurses prepare e.g., dim for clarity, per protocols.
Question 3 of 9
Type of healing when scars are minimal due to careful surgical incision and good healing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First intention healing (A) results in minimal scarring due to careful surgical incision, immediate closure, and optimal healing conditions. Edges are approximated with sutures, reducing granulation and scar tissue. Second intention (B) involves open wounds healing by granulation, often leaving larger scars. Third intention (C) delays closure for infected wounds, increasing scarring. Fourth intention (D) isn't valid. First intention's precision and lack of complications like infection or tension minimize scar formation, aligning with the description and making A the correct choice.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client with laryngeal cancer. The client's daughter asks the nurse how her father got cancer of the larynx. The nurse should explain that one risk factor is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is a primary risk factor for laryngeal cancer, as tobacco's carcinogens directly irritate and mutate laryngeal tissues over time, a well-established link in oncology. Tuberculosis affects the lungs, not typically the larynx, while wood dust and air pollution are more associated with nasal or lung cancers. Nurses educate families on this connection, emphasizing smoking cessation to reduce risk, framing it as a preventable factor. This explanation addresses the daughter's query with clarity, grounding it in the client's likely history, and supports broader health teaching to mitigate future risks in the family.
Question 5 of 9
Which of the following is NOT an eminent sign of death?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Eminent signs of death include death rattle (A), apnea (B), and swallowing loss (D), per dying process body fails. Increased muscle tone (C) is untrue tone decreases as muscles relax terminally. C contradicts flaccidity, making it the correct non-sign.
Question 6 of 9
Initially after a brain attack (stroke, cerebrovascular accident), a client's pupils are equal and reactive to light. Four hours later the nurse identifies that one pupil reacts more slowly than the other. The client's systolic blood pressure is beginning to increase. On which condition should the nurse be prepared to focus care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Slow pupil reaction and rising systolic BP post-stroke indicate increased ICP (D), a common complication. Spinal (A) or hypovolemic shock (C) don't apply. Herniation (B) is a result. D is correct. Rationale: ICP from edema or bleeding requires urgent focus, per stroke management protocols, to prevent further brain damage.
Question 7 of 9
Mr. Gary wrote his care wishes in case he can't decide later. This is an example of?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Writing care wishes for incapacity is advance care planning (A) preparing directives, per definition. Insurance (B) funds, QI (C) enhances, informatics (D) tech not planning-specific. A fits future care, making it correct.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse is caring for an infant with a diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula. Which nursing diagnosis should receive priority during the infant's preoperative period?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Risk for aspiration is the priority preoperatively in tracheoesophageal fistula, as the abnormal esophagus-trachea connection risks pneumonia nutrition, fluids, and coping are secondary until surgery corrects the defect. Nurses position head-up, suctioning secretions, preventing respiratory distress in this congenital emergency.
Question 9 of 9
Which approach to problem-solving tests any number of solutions until one is found that works for that particular problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Trial and error involves systematically testing multiple solutions until an effective one is identified, often used when the problem's nature is unclear or lacks a predefined approach. This method relies on persistence, as each unsuccessful attempt narrows down options until success is achieved, making it practical for unique or complex issues. In nursing, trial and error might apply to adjusting interventions when standard protocols fail, such as finding the best position to alleviate a patient's discomfort. Intuition relies on instinct rather than testing, lacking the systematic nature of trial and error. Routine implies following established habits, not exploring new solutions. The scientific method, while systematic, involves hypothesis testing and experimentation, not the broad testing of solutions typical of trial and error. Thus, trial and error stands out as the approach that tests numerous possibilities until one works, aligning perfectly with the question's description.