ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following snacks would be suitable for the child with gluten-induced enteropathy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Buttered popcorn is suitable for gluten-induced enteropathy (celiac disease), as corn is naturally gluten-free, unlike oatmeal, wheat bread, or pizza crust, which contain gluten and damage the intestine. Nurses guide dietary choices to avoid gluten, preventing malabsorption and symptoms like diarrhea, ensuring nutritional health for affected children.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a client with a history of atrial fibrillation for discharge. Which statement by the client indicates that he understood the nurse's teaching regarding warfarin (Coumadin)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reporting bruising indicates understanding of warfarin's anticoagulant effect, as excessive bleeding is a key risk in atrial fibrillation management, requiring physician oversight reflecting proper teaching. Spinach (high vitamin K) counters warfarin, blood tests (INR) are routine, and dosing is daily, not weekly. Nurses reinforce this vigilance, ensuring clients monitor for bleeding to balance clot prevention with safety.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with laryngeal cancer. Which finding ascertained in the health history would be a contributing factor to the development of his cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for laryngeal cancer, as carcinogens in tobacco directly irritate the laryngeal mucosa, leading to cellular changes over time unlike a vegetarian diet, low alcohol, or exercise, which lack this link. Nurses assess smoking history (pack-years) to identify causation, educating clients on cessation to reduce recurrence or progression risks, critical in oncology care planning.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assisting with the delivery of a client with abruptio placenta. Following delivery, the nurse should give priority to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Checking uterine firmness post-abruptio placenta delivery prevents postpartum hemorrhage, a priority Apgar, IV, and oxygen follow maternal stabilization. Nurses massage the fundus, monitoring bleeding, critical for maternal survival in this obstetric emergency.
Question 5 of 5
The diagnostic work-up of a client hospitalized with complaints of progressive weakness and fatigue confirms a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. The medication used to treat myasthenia gravis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prostigmin (neostigmine), a cholinesterase inhibitor, treats myasthenia gravis by enhancing neuromuscular transmission atropine counters side effects, Didronel is for bones, and Tensilon is diagnostic. Nurses administer it, monitoring for cholinergic crisis, key for symptom relief.