ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Question 1 of 9
Which of the following situation violates confidentiality?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Discussing Mr. Gary's condition with another client (C) violates confidentiality breaching privacy, per ethics/HIPAA. Family (A) and team (B) are permissible, client himself (D) is direct care. C's unauthorized disclosure makes it the violation.
Question 2 of 9
Which of the following is TRUE about temperature?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Temperature peaks late day (8 PM-midnight) e.g., circadian rise while lowest is early morning (not noon). Thyroxin raises temp, and elderly risk hypothermia (not hyperthermia) from poor regulation. Nurses monitor this e.g., fever trends per physiological norms.
Question 3 of 9
When taking a radial pulse for half a minute, the nurse finds it to be irregular. Which of the following would be best for the nurse to do next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An irregular radial pulse requires apical assessment for accuracy, as chest auscultation better detects rhythm issues. Longer radial or carotid checks are less precise. Nurses confirm this for cardiac evaluation.
Question 4 of 9
What is the order of the nursing process?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nursing process is a systematic, five-step framework for delivering patient-centered care: assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating. It begins with assessment, where the nurse collects comprehensive data about the patient's health status. Next, diagnosing involves analyzing this data to identify health problems or risks. Planning follows, where specific goals and interventions are developed. Implementation puts the plan into action, and evaluation assesses its effectiveness, potentially restarting the cycle if needed. This order ensures a logical flow from data collection to outcome review, optimizing patient care. The other options disrupt this sequence: starting with diagnosing or planning before assessing lacks foundational data, while placing evaluating before key steps like planning or implementing skips critical actions. Only assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing, and evaluating follows the established, evidence-based progression used universally in nursing practice.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is explaining the purpose of the Healthy People 2030 initiative to a client. Which goal(s) will the nurse point out as included?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Healthy People 2030 sets national goals to improve health equity and outcomes, including increasing health insurance access to reduce disparities, a measurable target tied to better care utilization. Decreasing new cancer diagnoses aims to lower chronic disease rates through prevention, like screening or lifestyle changes. Boosting medical degrees among underrepresented groups enhances workforce diversity, addressing cultural competence needs. Improving hearing and visual health via education prevents disability progression. Building disability-specific facilities isn't a goal; rather, it's about enhancing existing access. These objectives insurance, cancer reduction, diversity tackle root causes of inequity, aligning with nursing's advocacy for accessible, preventive care, impacting clients broadly by 2030.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse is performing nasotracheal suctioning of a client. The nurse interprets that the client is adequately tolerating the procedure if which observation is made?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During nasotracheal suctioning, coughing (C) indicates adequate tolerance, as it's a natural reflex to clear airways without distress. Cyanosis (A) signals hypoxia, a complication. Bloody secretions (B) suggest trauma, not tolerance. A heart rate drop from 78 to 54 (D) may indicate vagal stimulation, a potential adverse effect. C is correct. Rationale: Coughing reflects an intact airway defense mechanism, showing the client can respond without decompensation, per respiratory nursing protocols. Other signs like cyanosis or bradycardia warrant stopping the procedure to reassess, as they indicate oxygenation or cardiac compromise, making C the safest indicator of tolerance.
Question 7 of 9
Marissa Salva, Uses Benson's relaxation. How is it done?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benson's relaxation (B) involves focusing on breathing, relaxing without tensing, and repeating a word/sound post-exhalation to reduce stress. Tensing muscles (A) is progressive relaxation (Jacobson). Positive statements (C) fit affirmations, not Benson. Exercise with meditation (D) is broader. Benson's method, per his research, uses breath focus and repetition for physiologic calm, making B correct.
Question 8 of 9
The purpose of oxygen reservoir bag in partial re-breathing mask is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The oxygen reservoir bag in a partial re-breathing mask stores oxygen, allowing the client to re-breathe the first third of exhaled air rich in oxygen, low in CO2 mixed with supplemental O2. This boosts FiO2 (40-60%) cost-effectively, ideal for moderate hypoxia (e.g., pneumonia). Encouraging CO2 re-breathing risks hypercapnia, opposite to intent. Reducing FiO2 contradicts the mask's purpose enhancing oxygen delivery. Precise FiO2 control fits non-rebreathing masks, not partial, which varies slightly. The re-breathing mechanism optimizes oxygen use, making this the correct function per respiratory care standards.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client with AIDS who has a new order for captopril (Capoten). The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypotension is a key side effect of captopril (ACE inhibitor) in AIDS clients, due to vasodilation hyperkalemia is possible but less immediate, hypoglycemia isn't linked, and urine output may not increase. Nurses check blood pressure frequently, ensuring safety, especially with AIDS-related comorbidities affecting fluid balance.