ATI LPN
Questions for Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following selections lists conditions that would lead to increased stroke volume?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased stroke volume (SV) blood ejected per beat results from increased preload (more venous return stretches ventricles, per Frank-Starling), decreased afterload (lower arterial resistance eases ejection), and increased contractility (stronger myosin-actin interaction, often catecholamine-driven). Increased afterload resists ejection, reducing SV. Decreased preload or contractility lowers filling or force, cutting SV. This trio optimizes SV by enhancing filling, easing outflow, and boosting power, key in exercise or heart failure management where these factors shift, a core concept in cardiac output dynamics.
Question 2 of 5
The organs of the respiratory system include all the following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Body tissues (D) are not respiratory system organs, per the key they're served by it. The nose (A) filters/warms air (e.g., 10000 L/day). The trachea (B) conducts air (cartilage-supported). Lungs (C) exchange gases (300 million alveoli). The respiratory system nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs delivers Oâ‚‚ and removes COâ‚‚, per anatomy texts. Tissues (e.g., muscles, liver) use Oâ‚‚ but aren't part of this system; they're the endpoint of internal respiration. This excludes D, unlike A's entry point, B's conduit, or C's gas exchange role tissues rely on, but don't constitute, the respiratory apparatus.
Question 3 of 5
A client who develops acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is exhibiting hypoxemia unresponsive to oxygen therapy. In explaining the client's condition to the family, the nurse would incorporate which concept?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ARDS shunts blood past non-ventilated alveoli (A), per document (1). Diffuse alveolar damage (e.g., sepsis) fills alveoli with exudate (100-200 mL), halting ventilation (V/Q = 0). Oâ‚‚ therapy fails PaOâ‚‚ <60 mmHg despite FiOâ‚‚ 1.0 unlike COPD's air trapping (B). Surfactant decreases (C false), and secretions (D) are secondary. A's shunting 50% blood bypass explains refractory hypoxemia, distinguishing it from B's obstruction or C's reversal.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse caring for a client diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) should consider that in this client, impaired gas exchange is mostly likely related to which factor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ARDS impairs gas exchange via shunting past non-ventilated alveoli (C), per document (3). Exudate (e.g., 200 mL) from injury (e.g., sepsis) floods alveoli, dropping ventilation (V/Q = 0), causing hypoxemia (PaOâ‚‚ <50 mmHg). Air trapping (A) is COPD. Fluid accumulation (B) contributes, but shunting's the mechanism. Excess AAT (D) is irrelevant. C's bypass 50% blood unoxygenated explains Oâ‚‚ failure, unlike A's obstruction.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer respiratory medications to a child hospitalized with asthma. By which most frequently used route will the medication be administered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aerosol (A) is the most frequent asthma medication route, per document (1). Inhalers (e.g., albuterol) deliver bronchodilators to airways (90% lung deposition), acting fast (5 min). IV (B) or subcutaneous (C) are emergent (e.g., epinephrine). Oral (D) is slow (e.g., montelukast). A's efficiency FEVâ‚ up 20% beats D's delay, per GINA.