ATI LPN
Medical Surgical Neurology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following patients is at the highest risk for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elderly with type 2 DM and infection (A) are at highest risk for HHS due to dehydration and comorbidities.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse assesses a patient with an ETT and mechanical ventilation whose high peak pressure alarm is sounding. What is the cause of this alarm?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High peak pressure often results from ETT obstruction (B), e.g., biting or kinking.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient being treated with an intraaortic balloon pump. Which intervention is most important to include in the patient’s plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IABP requires pulse checks (B) to monitor circulation due to femoral insertion.
Question 4 of 5
The defecation reflex is a parasympathetic polysynaptic reflex that leads to elimination of feces through relaxation of the internal anal sphincter. Where is(are) the synapses in this reflex arc located?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PNS defecation reflex synapses occur in the spinal cord lateral horn (S2-S4) and intramural ganglia in the gut wall. Collateral ganglia are SNS-related. [Level: Comprehension]
Question 5 of 5
How many lobes are in each cerebral hemisphere?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Each hemisphere has four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital. [Level: Knowledge]