ATI LPN
Cardiovascular NCLEX Questions with Rationale Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following occurs during that portion of the EKG designated as the P wave?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The P wave on an EKG represents atrial depolarization, which precedes atrial contraction.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient new to the clinic. Records brought to the clinic with the patient show the patient has hypertension and that her current BP readings approximate the readings from when she was first diagnosed. What contributing factor should the nurse first explore in an effort to identify the cause of the client's inadequate BP control?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Deviation from the therapeutic program is a significant problem for people with hypertension and other chronic conditions requiring lifetime management. An estimated $50 \%$ of patients discontinue their medications within 1 year of beginning to take them. Consequently, this is a more likely problem than substance use, organ damage, or adverse drug interactions.
Question 3 of 5
A patient's recently elevated BP has prompted the primary care provider to prescribe furosemide (Lasix). The nurse should closely monitor which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Loop diuretics can cause potassium depletion. They do not normally affect level of consciousness, erythrocytes, or oxygen saturation.
Question 4 of 5
Regarding arrhythmias, which is TRUE?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In atrial fibrillation, the atria beat rapidly and irregularly, leading to variable ventricular response rates.
Question 5 of 5
Regarding treatment of hypertension of a 53 years-old woman already prescribed ramipril 10 mg daily but has a blood pressure of 150/95 mmHg, which ONE of the following prescriptions is TRUE
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ramipril 10 mg is the maximum dose. If BP remains uncontrolled, adding a calcium channel blocker like amlodipine is recommended as per guidelines (e.g., NICE), making D the correct choice.