Which of the following is TRUE about the human needs?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Maslow's theory (1940s) allows need priorities to shift e.g., delaying hunger for safety in crisis. Needs interrelate (safety affects esteem), aren't rigid, and can be deferred. Nurses adapt care e.g., addressing fear before nutrition in trauma reflecting this alterability, key to responsive patient management.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The medulla oblongata's respiratory center sets breathing rhythm and depth e.g., 12-20 breaths/min via dorsal and ventral groups. Pons refines, carotid/aortic bodies adjust via chemo input. Nurses assess this e.g., in COPD for foundational respiratory function, per neurophysiology.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Including 9:00 AM Friday urine e.g., pre-start skew 24-hour totals (9 AM Friday to 9 AM Saturday); it's discarded. Discarding start, including end, and preserving are correct. Nurses need debriefing here e.g., timing for accurate collection, per lab standards.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory (1900s) posits children adopt parental standards via identification e.g., mimicking a parent's empathy. Imitation (copying), introjection (internalizing), and regression (reverting) differ. This shapes the superego, influencing nursing behaviors e.g., empathy from role models affecting caregiver styles and patient interactions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maslow's self-actualized individual (1940s) decides independently e.g., rejecting trends for ethics. They predict events (insight), aren't self-centered (altruistic), and minimize conflict. Nurses foster this e.g., supporting unconventional choices enhancing self-directed health decisions, per humanistic theory.