ATI LPN
NCLEX PN Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the role of IL-4 :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IL-4 drives IgE production (B) in asthma (Page 31, Ans: C corrected). TH2 cells signal B cells for IgE , not directly eosinophils (A IL-5) or mucus (C IL-13). All' (D) overstates. B's specificity unlike D's breadth is key, per document.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of alveoli in the lung?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Poor blood supply (D) isn't an alveolar feature . Alveoli (300 million) boast a 70 m^2 surface (A), 0.2 μm walls (B), and surfactant (C) to prevent collapse, with rich capillaries (Page 5, Q11J) not poor (D). Efficient O2 diffusion (50 mL/min) demands vascularity. D's falsity unlike A's expanse or C's tension reduction contradicts alveolar design, per document.
Question 3 of 5
In an asthmatic attack, which of the following is expected?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asthma's airway obstruction increases breathing work (C) via bronchoconstriction. Wheezing dominates expiration (A, false) as air traps (Q15). Bronchodilators (e.g., albuterol) relieve it (B, false). FEV1 drops (D, false) due to reduced flow (FEV1/FVC < 70%, Q46). C's effort diaphragm flattening, accessory muscles rises (e.g., 1-2% O2 consumption to 5-10%), unlike A's inspiratory bias or D's spirometry error, per obstructive physiology.
Question 4 of 5
Oxygens percentage in the atmospheric air is __ that CO2 percentage and its solubility in solution (Example: Blood) is __ than CO2 solubility.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oxygen's atmospheric percentage (21%) exceeds CO2's (0.04%) (B), but its solubility in blood (0.024 mL/mmHg/dL) is lower than CO2's (0.57 mL/mmHg/dL) . O2's higher presence drives diffusion (PIO2 ~150 mmHg vs. PICO2 ~0.3 mmHg), yet 98% binds hemoglobin dissolved O2 is minor (1.5% at PaO2 100 mmHg). CO2's solubility aids 10% dissolved transport, with 70% as HCO3-. B's contrast unlike A's reversal matches gas laws and physiology's transport mechanisms.
Question 5 of 5
Regarding surfactants, one is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Surfactant reduces alveolar surface tension (B). From type II cells, it drops tension (30 dynes/cm to 5), preventing collapse (Q9). Pleural pressure (A) stays negative (-5 cm H2O). Alveolar pressure (C) is 0 at rest, unaffected directly. Inspiration eases (D, false), compliance rises (0.2 to 0.5 L/cm H2O). B's role unlike A's irrelevance stabilizes 300 million alveoli, per physiology (Q64).