ATI LPN
Questions About the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the most common way a diagnosis of anemia is confirmed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Measuring hemoglobin or hematocrit levels in a blood sample. This is the most common way to confirm a diagnosis of anemia because anemia is characterized by a decrease in red blood cells or hemoglobin levels. By measuring these levels in a blood sample, healthcare professionals can determine if a patient's red blood cell count is below the normal range, indicating anemia. Choice B is incorrect because a cardiac stress test measures the heart's ability to respond to external stressors, not related to diagnosing anemia. Choice C is incorrect because measuring the number of red blood cells in a bone marrow sample is not the most common method for confirming anemia. Choice D is incorrect because visually examining the color of a blood sample is not a reliable or accurate method for diagnosing anemia.
Question 2 of 5
Laboratory Studies: Red Cell Indices: Determination of relative size of RBC. 82-98 fl
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume). MCV measures the average volume of red blood cells, with the normal range being 82-98 fl. This parameter helps in determining the size of red blood cells. MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin) measures the average amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells, not size. MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) measures the concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells, not size. RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width) measures the variation in red blood cell size, not the average size. Therefore, MCV is the correct choice for determining the relative size of red blood cells.
Question 3 of 5
Hypocupremia is seen in
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypocupremia is a condition characterized by low levels of copper in the blood. Both osteoporosis and nephrotic disease can lead to copper deficiency, as they affect copper absorption and utilization. Similarly, sprue and celiac disease can also cause hypocupremia due to malabsorption issues. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as both A and B choices are conditions associated with hypocupremia. Choices C (cardiovascular disease, colon cancer) are not directly linked to copper deficiency, making them incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
Patients that are sensitive to aspirin can take:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Clopidogrel. Patients sensitive to aspirin can take clopidogrel as it is an antiplatelet agent that works differently from aspirin, making it suitable for those who cannot tolerate aspirin. Sulfinpyrazone and ticlopidine are not recommended for patients sensitive to aspirin due to potential cross-reactivity. Choice D is incorrect as sulfinpyrazone is not recommended for aspirin-sensitive patients.
Question 5 of 5
Absolute lymphocytosis and thrombocytopenia (<100,000/mm^3) with or without lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, or anemia is what stage in CLL prognosis Scoring-Rai Staging System?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stage III in the Rai Staging System for CLL prognosis. In CLL, Stage III is characterized by absolute lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia (<100,000/mm^3), and one or more of the following: lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, or anemia. This stage indicates advanced disease with more aggressive features and a poorer prognosis compared to earlier stages. Explanation of other choices: A: Stage 0 - This stage is characterized by lymphocytosis without any other symptoms or signs of disease progression. B: Stage I - In Stage I, there is lymphocytosis with lymphadenopathy. C: Stage II - In Stage II, there is lymphocytosis with hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly, without anemia or thrombocytopenia. Therefore, based on the presence of absolute lymphocytosis, thrombocytopen