Which of the following is the feature of Alzheimer's disease?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory impairment. Early memory loss (choice A) is a vague term but typically refers to initial stages where recent memory is more affected. Recent memory loss (choice B) is indeed an early hallmark, as patients struggle to recall recent events while retaining older memories. However, as the disease advances, both recent and past memory loss (choice C) occur, reflecting the spread of pathology across the brain. Global memory loss (choice D) implies a complete loss of all memory types, which is less specific to Alzheimer's progression and more indicative of severe, end-stage disease. Choice C is correct because it captures the typical progression where both recent and past memories are eventually impaired, aligning with clinical observations of Alzheimer's. Nurses must recognize this pattern to tailor interventions, such as memory aids for recent events in early stages and emotional support as past recall fades, ensuring comprehensive patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrocephalus shunts drain excess CSF. Ventriculoatrial (choice A) diverts to the atrium, less common now. Ventriculoperitoneal (choice B) to the peritoneum is standard, effective, and simpler to manage. Ventriculopericardial (choice C) and ventriculopleural (choice D) are rare alternatives. B is correct, widely used. Nurses monitor for infection, assess shunt function, and educate families, ensuring CSF control.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: First intention healing (A) results in minimal scarring due to careful surgical incision, immediate closure, and optimal healing conditions. Edges are approximated with sutures, reducing granulation and scar tissue. Second intention (B) involves open wounds healing by granulation, often leaving larger scars. Third intention (C) delays closure for infected wounds, increasing scarring. Fourth intention (D) isn't valid. First intention's precision and lack of complications like infection or tension minimize scar formation, aligning with the description and making A the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: It must be awful (B) isn't therapeutic; it assumes the client's feelings, projecting the nurse's view, per Rogers. Asking past coping (A), feelings (C), or triggers (D) invites exploration, fostering trust. B risks shutting down dialogue by implying judgment, not empathy, making it non-therapeutic and the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the first crisis phase (acute distress), cognitive therapy (C) is best, addressing distorted thoughts to reduce panic, per crisis intervention. Behavior therapy (A) modifies actions later. Gestalt (B) explores awareness, less urgent. Milieu (D) uses environment, not immediate. Cognitive therapy stabilizes thinking, making C correct.