ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not one of the 3 external coverings of the kidney?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidney's coverings are the renal capsule (A), adipose capsule (B), and renal fascia (C). Renal adventitia (D) is not a standard term for kidney layers, making D the incorrect option.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with renal calculi is hospitalized with gross hematuria and severe colicky left flank pain. Which nursing action will be of highest priority at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe colicky pain (B) in renal calculi demands immediate analgesia for relief, a priority over fluids (A), monitoring (C), or antiemetics (D), which address secondary issues. Pain management enhances patient comfort and stability, making B the top action.
Question 3 of 5
When caring for a patient after cystoscopy, what should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pink-tinged urine and urinary frequency are expected after cystoscopy. Burning on urination is common, but pain that requires opioids for relief is not expected. A good fluid intake is encouraged after this procedure. Bed rest is not required after cystoscopy.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with kidney disease. Which adventitious lung sound is the nurse most likely to note from fluid overload?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crackles (B) indicate fluid overload in the lungs, common in kidney disease, heard as popping on inspiration. Wheezes (A) suggest airway narrowing, stridor (C) upper obstruction, and pleural rub (D) inflammation, making B the likely finding.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following hormones affects kidney function?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADH (C), aldosterone (E), ANH (F), and parathyroid (D) affect kidneys, but C (water reabsorption) is a primary example. Estrogen (A) and TSH (B) have minimal direct impact, making C a key hormone.