ATI LPN
Fluid Electrolyte Balance and Nutritional Needs Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is not a buffer system of the body?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NaCl does not buffer pH; it's an electrolyte, not a buffer.
Question 2 of 5
Respiratory alkalosis can occur as a result of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperventilation lowers CO₂ raising pH and causing respiratory alkalosis.
Question 3 of 5
untreated diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Untreated diabetes causes ketoacidosis, a metabolic acidosis.
Question 4 of 5
Water makes up % of the body's weight in a healthy adult.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a healthy adult, water constitutes approximately 60% of body weight.
Question 5 of 5
A patient suffering from diabetes mellitus often develops a condition called ketoacidosis (an acidosis caused by an accumulation of acidic ketone bodies in the plasma). A patient in this situation will tend to hyperventilate in order to compensate for the acidosis. Explain why hyperventilation might help this situation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperventilation reduces CO₂ lowering carbonic acid and raising pH to correct ketoacidosis.